o great, however, that he was made a lieutenant in 1679. He rose
rapidly to the rank of captain and then to that of admiral. The peace of
Ryswick put a close to his active service. Many anecdotes are narrated of
the courage and bluntness of the uncultivated sailor, who became the
popular hero [v.03 p.0447] of the French naval service. The town of Dunkirk
has honoured his memory by a statue and by naming a public square after
him.

See Richer, _Vie de Jean Bart_ (1780), and many editions since; Vanderest,
_Histoire de Jean Bart._

BARTAN, more correctly BARTIN, a town in the vilayet of Kastamuni, Asiatic
Turkey, retaining the name of the ancient village Parthenia and situated
near the mouth of the Bartan-su (anc. _Parthenius_), which formed part of
the boundary between Bithynia and Paphlagonia. Various aetiological
explanations of the name Parthenius were given by the ancients, _e.g._ that
the maiden Artemis hunted on its banks, or that the flow of its waters was
gentle and maiden-like. The town, which is the residence of a _kaimakam,_
is built on two low limestone hills and its streets are paved with
limestone blocks. It is noted for the fine boxwood grown in the vicinity,
is a port of call for Black Sea coasting steamers and carries on a
considerable trade with Constantinople which might be increased were it not
for the obstruction of the harbour by a bar. Pop. 8677, according to
Cuinet, _La Turquie d'Asie_ (1894).

BARTELS, HANS VON (1856- ), German painter, was born in Hamburg, the son of
Dr N. F. F. von Bartels, a Russian government official. He studied first
under the marine painter R. Hardorff in Hamburg, then under C. Schweitzer
in Duesseldorf and C. Oesterley in Hamburg, and finally at the Berlin
School of Art. After travelling extensively, especially in Italy, he
settled in Munich in 1885 and was appointed professor of painting in 1891.
An oil painter of great power, he is one of the leading German water-colour
painters, mainly of marines and scenes of fishing life, painted with rude
vigour and a great display of technical skill. He excels in storm scenes
and in depicting the strong, healthy fishing-folk of the northern coasts.
He became an honorary member of leading English, German, Dutch, Belgian and
Austrian art societies. Among his principal works are:--"Sturmflut" (Berlin
Gallery); "Lonely Beach" (Hungarian National Gallery); "Potato
Harvest--Ruegen" (Prague); "Storm--Bornholm" (German emperor's collectio