His _Papiers_ have been published by J. Kaulek, 4 vols. (Paris, 1886-1888).
See A. Sorel, _L'Europe et la Revolution francaise_, iv. (Paris, 1892); L.
Sciout, _Le Directoire_ (Paris, 1895).

BARTHELEMY, JEAN JACQUES (1716-1795) French writer and numismatist, was
born on the 20th of January 1716 at Cassis, in Provence. He was educated
first at the college of the Oratory in Marseilles, and afterwards at that
of the Jesuits in the same city. While studying for the priesthood, which
he intended to join, he devoted much attention to oriental languages, and
was introduced by his friend M. Gary of Marseilles to the study of
classical antiquities, particularly in the department of numismatics. In
1744 he went to Paris with a letter of introduction to M. Gros de Boze,
perpetual secretary of the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-lettres and
keeper of the royal collection of medals. He became assistant to de Boze,
on whose death (1753) he became keeper of the medals. In 1755 he
accompanied the French ambassador, M. de Stainville, afterwards duc de
Choiseul, to Italy, where he spent three years in archaeological research.
Choiseul had a great regard for Barthelemy, and on his return to France,
Barthelemy became an inmate of his house, and received valuable preferments
from his patron. In 1789, after the publication of his _Voyage du jeune
Anacharsis_, he was elected a member of the French Academy. During the
Revolution Barthelemy was arrested as an aristocrat. The Committee of
Public Safety, however, were no sooner informed by the duchess of Choiseul
of the arrest, than they gave orders for his immediate release, and in 1793
he was nominated librarian of the Bibliotheque Nationale. He refused this
post but resumed his old functions as keeper of medals, and enriched the
national collection by many valuable accessions. Barthelemy died on the
30th of April 1795.

Barthelemy was the author of a number of learned works on antiquarian
subjects, but the great work on which his fame rests is _Voyage du jeune
Anacharsis en Grece, vers le milieu du quatrieme siecle avant l'ere
chretienne_ (4 vols., 1787). He had begun it in 1757 and had been working
on it for thirty years. The hero, a young Scythian descended from the
famous philosopher Anacharsis, is supposed to repair to Greece for
instruction in his early youth, and after making the tour of her republics,
colonies and islands, to return to his native country and write this book
in his o