d the qualifications of the Judicial
officials shall be fixed by law.

Art. 45. The Judiciary shall independently try and decide cases of civil
and criminal law suits according to law. But with regard to
administrative law suits and other special law cases they shall be
attended to according to the provisions of this law.

Art. 46. As to the procedure the Supreme Court should adopt for the
impeachment case stated in clause 9 of article 31, special rules will be
made by law.

Art. 47. The trial of law suits in the judicial courts should be open to
the public; but when they are deemed to be harmful to peace and order or
good custom, they may be held _in camera_.

Art. 48. The judicial officials shall not be given a reduced salary or
shifted from their posts when functioning as such, and except when a
sentence has been passed upon him for punishment or he is sentenced to
be removed, a judicial official shall not be dismissed from his post.

The regulations regarding punishment shall be fixed by law.

CHAPTER VII.--THE TSAN CHENG YUAN

Art. 49. The Tsan Cheng Yuan shall answer the inquiries of the President
and discuss important administrative affairs.

The organization of the Tsan Cheng Yuan shall be fixed by the
Provisional Constitution Conference.

CHAPTER VIII.--FINANCES

Art. 50. Levying of new taxes and dues and change of tariff shall be
decided by law.

The taxes and dues which are now in existence shall continue to be
collected as of old except as changed by law.

Art. 51. With regard to the annual receipts and expenditures of the
nation, they shall be dealt with in accordance with the Budget approved
by the Li Fa Yuan.

Art. 52. For special purposes continuous expenditures for a specified
number of years may be included in the budget.

Art. 53. To prepare for any deficiency of the budget and expenses needed
outside of the estimates in the budget, a special reserve fund must be
provided in the budget.

Art. 54. The following items of expenditures shall not be cancelled or
reduced except with the approval of the President:--

1. Any duties belonging to the nation according to law.

2. Necessities stipulated by law.

3. Necessities for the purpose of carrying out the treaties.

4. Expenses for the Army and Navy.

Art. 55. For national war or suppression of internal disturbance or
under unusual circumstances when time will not permit to convoke the Li
Fa Yuan, the President may make emergency