golia and its subordinate authorities
may impair the suzerain rights and the interests of China and her
subjects in autonomous Mongolia.

Art. 11. Conformably to Article IV of the Note exchanged between China
and Russia on the fifth day of the eleventh month of the second year of
the Republic of China (23rd October, 1915), the territory of autonomous
Outer Mongolia comprises the regions which were under the jurisdiction
of the Chinese Amban at Ourga, or the Tartar-General at Ouliassoutai and
of the Chinese Amban at Kobdo; and connects with the boundary of China
by the limits of the banners of the four aimaks of Khalkha and of the
district of Kobdo, bounded by the district of Houloun-Bourie on the
east, by Inner Mongolia on the south, by the Province of Sinkiang on the
southwest, and by the districts of Altai on the West.

The formal delimitation between China and autonomous Mongolia is to be
carried out by a special commission of delegates of China, Russia and
autonomous Outer Mongolia, which shall set itself to the work of
delimitation within a period of two years from the date of signature of
the present Agreement.

Art. 12. It is understood that customs duties are not to be established
for goods of whatever origin they may be, imported by Chinese merchants
into autonomous Outer Mongolia. Nevertheless, Chinese merchants shall
pay all the taxes on internal trade which have been established in
autonomous Outer Mongolia and which may be established therein in the
future, payable by the Mongols of autonomous Outer Mongolia. Similarly
the merchants of autonomous Outer Mongolia, when importing any kind of
goods of local production into "Inner China," shall pay all the taxes on
trade which have been established in "Inner China" and which may be
established therein in the future, payable by Chinese merchants. Goods
of foreign origin imported from autonomous Outer Mongolia into "Inner
China" shall be subject to the customs duties stipulated in the
regulations for land trade of the seventh year of the reign of
Kouang-Hsu (1881).

Art. 13. Civil and criminal actions arising between Chinese subjects
residing in autonomous Outer Mongolia are to be examined and adjudicated
by the Chinese Dignitary at Urga and by his assistants in the other
localities of autonomous Outer Mongolia.

Art. 14. Civil and criminal actions arising between Mongols of
autonomous Outer Mongolia and Chinese subjects residing therein are to
be examined a