l Pedagogy."

[161] The best collection of his works is that by Willmann, "Herbart's
Paedagogische Schriften," which has not been translated into English.

[162] "Encyklopaedisches Handbuch der Paedagogik," Vol. III, p. 485.

[163] For discussion of these subjects see the Yearbooks of the
Herbartian Society, and other works referred to on page 278. For the
completest list of references to Herbartian literature, see
"Encyklopaedisches Handbuch," Vol. III, p. 485.

CHAPTER XLI

MODERN EDUCATORS (_Continued_)

HORACE MANN (1796-1859)

=Literature.=--_Mrs. Mary T. Mann_, Life of Horace Mann; _Hinsdale_,
Horace Mann; _Winship_, Horace Mann, the Educator; _Lang_, Horace Mann;
_F. W. Parker_, Article in Educational Review, Vol. XII, p. 65; _Wm. T.
Harris_, Educational Review, Vol. XII, p. 105; _Martin_, Education in
Massachusetts.

Colonel Parker says, "It would be difficult to find a child ten years of
age in our sixty-five millions who does not know of Abraham Lincoln or
George Washington; but the third, at least, in the list of the builders
of the American republic is not known to millions of intelligent people.
Washington and Lincoln represent the highest types of heroism,
patriotism, and wisdom in great crises of republic-building; Horace
Mann, the quiet inner building, the soul-development of the
nation."[164]

Horace Mann was born at Franklin, Massachusetts, May 4, 1796. Inured to
the hard work of the farm, with but a few weeks' schooling in the
winter, never blessed with very rugged health, left at the age of
thirteen by the death of his father with the responsibilities of a man,
it is no wonder that he "retained only painful recollections of the
whole period which ought to be, with every child, a golden age to look
back upon."[165]

When nearly twenty years of age, through the influence of Mr. Barrett,
an eccentric teacher who came to the village, he decided to go to
college, and in six months he prepared for the sophomore class of Brown
University. This preparation was a tremendous undertaking which broke
down his health for life. He now had an opportunity to satisfy the
cravings for knowledge, which the hardships of his early life had not
been able to stifle. He was graduated with the highest honors of his
class and decided to study law. He spent two years at Brown University
as tutor, meanwhile privately studying law, and then resigned that
position to enter the law school at Litchfield, Connec