ng (se
van) corrected by the Republican Government.

10. We shall show them that our firm is not to be trifled with.

11. These stuffs are too heavily sized and the finish is not
sufficiently mellow.

12. Their feel is not clothy (no tienen bastante cuerpo al tacto).

13. This defect will be made right in future deliveries.

LESSON XL.
(Leccion cuadrageseima.)

THE VERB (_contd._).

As in English, several past participles may be used with an active
meaning, as--

Un hombre leido: A well-read man (for a man who has read much and well).

The following are some examples--

Agradecido (grateful)
Atrevido (bold, daring)
Bien hablado (a courteous speaker)
Callado (taciturn)
Cansado (tiresome)
Comedido (thoughtful, considerate)
Corrido[191] (acute, artful)
Divertido (amusing)
Entendido (experienced, conversant)
Experimentado (experienced, expert)
Sufrido (patient)

[Footnote 191: With a passive meaning it is "abashed."]

=The Tenses=.

The periphrastic or progressive conjugation: "I am buying," "I was
selling," "I shall be buying," etc., exists in Spanish with the
following differences from English:--

In the present and the past it is used, but only when the action
embraces a certain length of time, otherwise the simple form "I buy," "I
sold" _(imperf. indic.)_ must be used, as--

Fulano se arrojaba por la ventana (_not_ se estaba arrojando).

The Spanish Academy gives this example as of an action more or less
instantaneous: So-and-So was throwing himself out of the window.

The periphrastic form is inadmissible unless one is _actually engaged_
in the action, as:

Hoy como con mi amigo (_not_ "estoy comiendo," because not actually
engaged in the action): To-day I am dining with my friend.

In the future this construction is permissible only in such cases as--

Cuando venga manana, yo estare escribiendo: To-morrow when he comes, I
shall be writing.

The periphrastic form never happens with the verb _ir_ (to go), and
seldom with _venir_ (to come).

The English present perfect (preterite compuesto) "I have done" is often
used in Spanish for the past definite "I did," when the period of time
in which the action took place is not specified.

The Spanish Academy gives--

Siempre que he ido a Madrid he visitado el Prado _for_ Whenever I went
to Madrid I visited the Prado.

We even find "ayer he hecho esto o aque