, from
a moral point of view, completely indifferent. One quarter, by their
talk, their conduct, their reputation, exhibit the most dangerous
character in the eyes of the youths... The greatest fault of the
principals is their lack of religious spirit, religious zeal.... There
are not more than two or three lycees in which this may be seen. Hence
the removal of the children by the parents which is attributed to
political prejudices; hence the rarity of paying pupils; hence the
discredit of the lycees. In this respect opinion is unanimous."]

[Footnote 6115: "Histoire du College Louis le Grand," by Esmond,
emeritus censor, 1845, p.267 "Who were the assistant-teachers? Retired
subaltern officers who preserved the coarseness of the camp and knew of
no virtue but passive obedience.... The age at which scholarships were
given was not fixed, the Emperor's choice often falling on boys of
fifteen or sixteen, who presented themselves with habits already formed
out of a bad education and so ignorant that one was obliged to assign
them to the lowest classes, along with children."--Fabry, "Memoires pour
servir a l'histoire de l'instruction publique depuis 1789," I., 391.
"The kernel of boarding-scholars, (holders of scholarships) was
furnished by the Prytanee. Profound corruption, to which the military
regime gives an appearance of regularity, a cool impiety which conforms
to the outward ceremonies of religion as to the movements of a drill,...
steady tradition has transmitted this spirit to all the pupils that have
succeeded each other for twelve years."]

[Footnote 6116: Fabry, ibid., vol. II.,12, and vol. III., 399.]

[Footnote 6117: Decree of Nov.15, 1811, articles 15, 16, 22.]

[Footnote 6118: Quicherat, ibid., III.. 93 to 105.--Up to 1809, owing
to M. de Fontane's toleration, M. de Lanneau could keep one half of his
pupils in his house under the name of pupils in preparatory classes, or
for the lectures in French or on commerce; nevertheless, he was obliged
to renounce teaching philosophy. In 1810, he is ordered to send all his
scholars to the lycee within three months. There were at this date 400
scholars in Sainte-Barbe.]

[Footnote 6119: Decree of Nov.15, 1811, articles 1, 4, 5, 9, 17 to 19
and 24 to 32.--"Proces-verbaux des seances du conseil de l'Universite
imperiale." (Manuscripts in the archives of the Ministry of Public
Instruction, furnished by M. A. de Beauchamp), session of March 12,
1811, note of the Emperor