e 6140: It seems to me probable that an aspiring revolutionary
like Hitler, Lenin, Stalin or Trotsky) would attempt to copy Napoleon's
once he had successfully taken power inside first the party and later
the state. To enhance the dissolution of a democracy the opposite
system, that is tenure irrespective of performance, the right to operate
militant trade unions and to conduct strikes, would be demanded for all
government employees. (SR.)]

[Footnote 6141: Decree of March 17, 1808, articles 47 and 48.]

[Footnote 6142: Decree of Nov. 15, 1811, articles 66 and 69.]

[Footnote 6143: Proces-verbaux et papiers du conseil superior de
l'Universite (in manuscript).--(Two memoirs submitted to the Emperor,
Feb. 1, 1811, on the means of strengthening the discipline and spirit of
the body in the University.)--The memoir requests that the sentences of
the university authorities be executable on the simple exequatur of the
courts; it is important to diminish the intervention of tribunals and
prefects, to cut short appeals and pleadings; the University must have
full powers and full jurisdiction on its domain, collect taxes from
its taxpayers, and repress all infractions of those amenable to its
jurisdiction. (Please not the exequatur is a French ordnance by which
the courts gives a decision by a third party or an umpire executory
force. SR.)]

[Footnote 6144: "Statut sur l'administration, l'ensignement et la police
de l'Ecole normale," March 30, 1810, title II, articles 20-23.]

[Footnote 6145: Taine entered in L'Ecole Normale in October 1848, first
in his year, having written an essay in philosophy (in Latin) with the
title: Si animus cum corpore extinguitur, quid sit Deus? Quid homo? Quid
societas? Quid philosophia? (If the soul dies with the body what happens
to God? Man? Society? Philosophy?) And an essay in French imagining that
he was Voltaire writing to his English friend Cedeville pretending to
give his impressions on England. When he had arrived on 30 October 1848
Taine wrote to Cornelis de Witt: "Here I am in the convent and prisoner
for three years." (SR.)]

[Footnote 6146: I note, however, that the Ecole Normale Superior
produced Taine, and it seemed to have had the same effect upon him as
by boarding school and its similar regime upon me, namely of making me
informed and rebellious. I have also noted that the most uninteresting
and smug young people I have met have followed school systems like that
of the United