ains on its horizon.

[17] Gautier, 188.

[18] "Cromwell," 1827,

[19] Gautier, 107.

[20] Musset's fantastic "Ballade a la Lune," exaggerates the romantic so
decidedly as to seem ironical. It is hard to say whether it is hyperbole
or parody. See Petit de Julleville, vol. vii., p. 652.

[21] See vol. i., pp. 372-73.

[22] Gautier, 163.

[23] "Des Knaben Wunderhorn."

[24] Charles Nodier vindicated the literary claims of Perrault.

[25] Gautier, 93.

[26] Rue Jean-Gougon, where the _cenacle_ met often.

[27] Nerval hanged himself at Paris, in January, 1855, in the rue de la
Vielle Lanterne.

[28] Gautier, 167.

[29] The romanticism of the _Globe_ was of a more conservative stripe
than that of the Muse Francaise, which was the organ of the group of
young poets who surrounded Hugo. The motto of the latter was _Jam nova
progenies coelo demittitur alto_. The _Globe_ defined romanticism as
Protestantism in letters. The critical battle was on as early as 1824.
On April 24, in that year, Auger, director of the Academy, read at the
annual session of the Institute a discourse on romanticism, which he
denounced as a literary schism. The prospectus of the _Globe_, an
important document on the romantic side, dates from the same year. The
_Constitutionnel_, the most narrowly classical of the opposing journals,
described romanticism as an epidemic malady. To the year 1825, when the
_Cenacle_ had its headquarters at Victor Hugo's house, belong, among
others, the following manifestoes on both sides of the controversy; "Les
Classiques Venges," De la Touche; "Le Temple du Romantisme," Morel; "Le
Classique et le Romantique" (a satirical comedy in the classical
interest), Baour-Lormian. Cyprien Desmarais' "Essais sur les classiques
et les romantiques" had appeared at Paris in 1823. At Rouen was printed
in 1826 "Du Classique et du Romantique," a collection of papers read at
the Rouen Academy during the year, rather favorable, on the whole, to the
new movement.

[30] This is now a somewhat rare book; I have never seen a copy of it;
but it was reviewed in The Saturday Review (vol. lxv., p. 369).

[31] Part ii., Book iii., chap ix.

[32]Part ii., Book iv., chap. i.

[33] For Chateaubriand and Ossian see vol. i., pp. 332-33. He made
translations from Ossian, Gray, and Milton.

[34] "Victor Hugo," par Paul Boudois, p. 32.

[35] Vol. i., p. 10.

[36] See vol. i., p. 379.

[37] The use of this form instead of