_, in the literal sense, as well as a distinct
meaning or sentiment suggested, which is called the figurative
sense."--_Campbell's Philosophy of Rhetoric_, p. 291. Better: "In just
allegory _or_ similitude, there is always a propriety--or, if you choose to
call it _so, a congruity_--in the literal sense," &c. "It must then be
meant of his sins who _makes_, not of his who _becomes_, the
convert."--_Atterbury's Sermons_, i, 2. Better: "It must then be meant of
his sins who _makes the convert_, not of his who _becomes converted_." "Eye
_hath_ not _seen_, nor ear _heard_, neither _have entered_ into the heart
of man, _the things_ which God hath prepared for them that love him."--_1
Cor._, ii, 9. A more regular construction would be: "Eye hath not seen, nor
ear heard, neither _hath it_ entered into the heart of man to _conceive_,
the things which God hath prepared for them that love him." The following
example, from Pope, may perhaps be conceded to the poet, as an allowable
ellipsis of the words "_a friend_," after _is_:

"In who obtain defence, or who defend;
In him who _is_, or him who _finds, a friend_."
--_Essay on Man_, Ep. iv, l. 60.

Dr. Lowth cites the last three examples, without suggesting any forms of
correction; and says of them, "There seems to be an impropriety in these
sentences, in which the same noun stands in a double capacity, performing
at the same time the offices _both of the_ nominative and objective
case."--_Lowth's Gram._, p. 73. He should have said--"_of both the_
nominative and _the_ objective case." Dr. Webster, citing the line, "In him
who is, and him who finds, a friend," adds, "Lowth condemns this use of the
noun in the nominative and objective at the same time; but _without
reason_, as the cases are not distinguished in English."--_Improved Gram._,
p. 175.

OBS. 7.--In Latin and Greek, the accusative before the infinitive, is often
reckoned _the subject_ of the latter verb; and is accordingly parsed by a
sort of exception to the foregoing rule--or rather, to that general rule of
concord which the grammarians apply to the verb and its nominative. This
construction is translated into English, and other modern tongues,
sometimes literally, or nearly so, but much oftener, by a nominative and a
finite verb. Example: "_[Greek: Eipen auton phonaethaenai]_."--_Mark_, x, 49.
"Ait illum vocari."--_Leusden_. "Jussit eum vocari."--_Beza_. "Praecepit
illum vocari."--_Vulgate_. "He commande