en fill, shake, and press.
Usually sell marketable fruit in orchard to shippers. Sell culls by
wagon-loads in orchard. My best near-by market is Emporia, Kan. Have
shipped to a distant market and made it pay. I have stored some in
barrels in cellar, and all kept well, Winesap perhaps a little the
better. Prices range from forty to sixty cents per bushel. I employ the
best experienced men I can get, and pay one dollar per day of ten hours.

* * * * *

J. ELLISON, Chautauqua, Chautauqua county: Has lived thirty-two years in
Kansas. Has an orchard of 800 trees--300 fifteen years, and 500 twelve
years planted. Prefers Ben Davis, Missouri Pippin, Rawle's Janet and
Jonathan for market, and for family use adds Maiden's Blush. Has
discarded every other kind; the above are the only profitable ones.
Prefers sandy loam with clay subsoil, high eastern slope, protected on
north. Sets three-foot yearling trees in spring, marking out with
fourteen-inch plow, thirty-five feet apart each way, and set at
crossing. Cultivates with stubble plow in April, then keeps harrow going
until August 1. Uses hoe around trees. Grows corn in orchard until ten
years old; then keeps ground well cultivated. Does not desire
windbreaks. Feeds the rabbits poisoned fruit. Says borers are not
troublesome if cultivation is kept up every two weeks through June and
July. Prunes any time from January to June, to improve the fruit and
prolong the life of the tree. Says stable litter on all sandy loam, not
nearer than three feet from the tree, will make the fruit larger,
crisper, and better flavor. Allows no stock but poultry in the orchard.
Sprays with London purple, on April 10, 20, 30, and May 10, for
canker-worms, and destroys them completely. Has cleaned out the
codling-moth, too. For borers he washes his trees in June and September
with carbolic acid ten pounds, sulphur forty pounds, lime enough to make
a thick whitewash. On picking he sorts into three grades: No. 1, select,
large, sound, smooth; No. 2, small and sound; No. 3, knotty and specked.
Uses for marketing one-bushel baskets packed full. His best market is in
the orchard, selling by wagon-loads. He uses some culls for vinegar and
gives many to his neighbors. Does not dry any. Stores some for winter in
trenches in bulk, in the soil, covered with pure earth, and they keep as
follows: Missouri Pippin, first; Rawle's Janet, second; Ben Davis,
third. Prices vary from forty