est. Protect from rabbits and
borers by "eternal vigilance." I prune with a saw and knife for
symmetry, air, and light, and think it pays. I thin the fruit while on
the trees, at different times; it pays. I fertilize my orchard with
stable litter and clover; would advise its use on all soils. I pasture
my orchard with hogs; think it advisable, and that it pays. My trees are
troubled with canker-worm, tent-caterpillar, root aphis, flathead borer,
and woolly aphis; my apples with codling-moth and curculio. I pick my
apples by hand; sort into three classes, sound and large, sound and
small, and culls. I sell apples in the orchard, wholesale, retail, and
peddle. Sell my best apples from the cellar, also second grade. Of the
culls we make cider and feed to the hogs. My best market is at home. I
do not dry any. I am successful in storing apples in barrels in a cellar
and a cave; I find the Gilpin, McAfee, Rawle's Janet and Willow Twig
keep best. I have to repack stored apples before marketing, losing about
one-twentieth of them. I do not irrigate. Prices have been: Summer,
twenty-five to thirty cents; fall, forty to fifty cents; winter sixty to
eighty cents per bushel. I employ men at ten cents an hour.

* * * * *

W. M. BARNGROVER, Hamilton, Greenwood county: I have been in Kansas
seventeen years, and have an orchard of 100 apple trees fifteen years
old, twenty-four inches in circumference. For market I prefer Ben Davis,
and for family use Winesap. I prefer bottom land, with a black loam soil
and a red clay subsoil. I prefer two-year-old, low-headed trees, set in
big holes. I cultivate my orchard about every four years with a disc and
harrow, and sow English blue-grass in a bearing orchard. Windbreaks are
essential to orchards on the hills; I would make them of a row of maples
between every row of apple trees. For rabbits and borers I paint the
body of the tree with a solution of coal-tar and carbolic acid. I prune
my trees to protect them from the hard winds; always trim the highest
limbs--never the low ones. I fertilize my orchard with about twelve
inches of old hay for four years, and think it should be used on all
soils, as the tree growth will be one-third larger. I pasture my orchard
with calves, and think it advisable and that it pays. My trees are
troubled with leaf-rollers. I spray with Paris green. In picking, I use
a step-ladder and a pole with a hook on the end. On the under side of