part of Barrois,
situated west of the Meuse, which was called _Barrois mouvant_. In 1354
Robert, count of Bar, who had married the daughter of King John, was made
marquis of Pont-a-Mousson by the emperor Charles IV. and took the title of
duke of Bar. His successor, Edward III., was killed at Agincourt in 1415.
In 1419 Louis of Bar, brother of the last-named, a cardinal and bishop of
Chalons, gave the duchy of Bar to Rene of Anjou, the grandson of his sister
Yolande, who married Isabella, duchess of Lorraine. Yolande of Anjou, who
in 1444 had married Ferri of Lorraine, count of Vaudemont, became heiress
of Nicholas of Anjou, duke of Calabria and of Lorraine, in 1473, and of
Rene of Anjou, duke of Bar, in 1480; thus Lorraine, with Barrois added to
it, once more returned to the family of its ancient dukes. United with
Lorraine to France in 1634, Barrois remained, except for short intervals,
part of the royal domain. It was granted in 1738 to Stanislaus Leszczynski,
ex-king of Poland, and on his death in 1766 was once more attached to the
crown of France.

(M. P.*)

BARLETTA (anc. _Barduli_), a seaport town and episcopal see of Apulia,
Italy, on the E.S.E. coast, in the province of Bari, 34-1/2 m. W.N.W. of
Bari by rail. Pop. (1901) 42,022. Its importance dates from the time of the
Hohenstaufen. The Gothic church of S. Sepolcro was built at the close of
the 12th century, and the Romanesque cathedral was begun at the same
period, but added to later. In front of the former church stands a bronze
statue, 14 ft. in height, of the emperor Heraclius. The castle behind the
cathedral dates from 1537. The harbour is good. It was cleared by 508
sailing-vessels and 461 steamers, the latter with a total tonnage of
364,904 in 1904; the exports were of the value of L180,699 (principally
wine, sulphur, oil, tartar and tartaric acid), and the imports L92,486
(coal, timber and sundries).

In the neighbourhood (between Andria and Corato), during the siege of
Barletta by the French in 1503, the town being defended by the Spanish
army, a combat took place between thirteen picked knights of Italy and
France, which resulted in favour of the former: it has been celebrated by
Massimo d' Azeglio in his _Disfida di Barletta_. Seven miles to the N.W.
are the salt-works of Barletta, now known under the name of Margherita di
Savoia.

(T. AS.)

BARLEY (_Hordeum sativum_), a member of the grass family, and an important
cereal which belongs peculia