d Hull. In the vicinity, Monk
Bretton Priory, a Cluniac foundation of 1157, retains a Perpendicular
gatehouse, some Decorated domestic remains, and fragments of the church.
Wentworth Castle, built in 1730 by Thomas, earl of Strafford, stands in a
singularly beautiful park, and contains a fine collection of portraits of
historical interest. Besides the communications afforded by railway,
Barnsley has the advantage of connexion with the Aire and Calder Navigation
system of canals. The borough is under a mayor, six aldermen and eighteen
councillors. Area, 2385 acres.

At the time of the Domesday survey Ilbert de Lacy held Barnsley by gift of
William the Conqueror as part of the honour of Pontefract, and the
overlordship remained in his family until the reign of Stephen, when it was
granted by Henry de Lacy to the monks of Pontefract. Henry III. in 1249
granted the prior and convent of Pontefract a market every Wednesday at
Barnsley, and a fair on the vigil and feast of St Michael and two following
days, and Henry VIII. in 1512 granted them a new fair on the day of the
Conversion of St Paul and two following days. The monastery evidently also
held another fair there called St Ellen's fair, for in 1583 Queen Elizabeth
granted this fair and St Paul's fair and the market "lately belonging to
the dissolved monastery of Pontefract" to one Henry Burdett, and Ralph and
Henry his sons for their lives. Besides these charters and others granting
land in Barnsley to the monks of Pontefract there is very little history of
the town, since it was not until after the introduction of the linen
manufacture in 1744 that it became really important. Before that time the
chief industry had been wire-drawing, but this trade began to decrease
about the end of the 18th century, just as the linen trade was becoming
important. In 1869 Barnsley was incorporated.

See Rowland Jackson, _The History of the Town and Township of Barnsley_
(1858); _Victoria County History--Yorkshire_.

BARNSTABLE, a seaport township and the county-seat of the county of the
same name, in Massachusetts, U.S.A. Pop. (1900) 4364, of whom 391 were
foreign-born; (1910, U.S. census) 4676. Barnstable is served by the New
York, New Haven & Hartford Railway. It is situated between Cape Cod Bay on
the N. and Nantucket Sound on the S., extending across Cape Cod. The soil
of the township, unlike that of other parts of the county, is well adapted
to agriculture, and the principal indus