wished to save
the throne. He advocated the suspensory veto, and the establishment of
trial by jury in civil causes, but voted with the Left against the system
of two chambers. His conflict with Mirabeau on the question of assigning to
the king the right to make peace or war (from the 16th to the 23rd of May
1791) was one of the most striking scenes in the Assembly. In August 1790,
after a vehement debate, he fought a duel with J. A. M. de Cazales, in
which the latter was slightly wounded. About the close of October 1790
Barnave was called to the presidency of the Assembly. On the death of
Mirabeau a few months later, Barnave paid a high tribute to his worth and
public services, designating him the Shakespeare of oratory. On the arrest
of the king and the royal family at Varennes, while attempting to escape
from France, Barnave was [v.03 p.0412] one of the three appointed to
conduct them back to Paris. On the journey he was deeply affected by the
mournful fate of Marie-Antoinette, and resolved to do what he could to
alleviate their sufferings. In one of his most powerful speeches he
maintained the inviolability of the king's person. His public career came
to an end with the close of the Constituent Assembly, and he returned to
Grenoble at the beginning of 1792. His sympathy and relations with the
royal family, to whom he had submitted a plan for a counter-revolution, and
his desire to check the downward progress of the Revolution, brought on him
suspicion of treason. Denounced (15th of August 1792) in the Legislative
Assembly, he was arrested and imprisoned for ten months at Grenoble, then
transferred to Fort Barraux, and in November 1793 to Paris. The nobility of
his character was proof against the assaults of suffering. "Better to
suffer and to die," he said, "than lose one shade of my moral and political
character." On the 28th of November he appeared before the Revolutionary
Tribunal. He was condemned on the evidence of papers found at the Tuileries
and executed the next day, with Duport-Dutertre.

Barnave's _Oeuvres posthumes_ were published in 1842 by Berenger (de la
Drome) in 4 vols. See F. A. Aulard, _Les Orateurs de l'assemblee
constituante_ (Paris, 1882).

BARNBY, SIR JOSEPH (1838-1896), English musical composer and conductor, son
of Thomas Barnby, an organist, was born at York on the 12th of August 1838.
He was a chorister at York minster from the age of seven, was educated at
the Royal Academy of Music under