ted war") is where we merely seek
to take from the enemy some particular part of his possessions, or
interests; _e.g._, Spanish-American War, where the object was the
liberation of Cuba.

(2) _War with an unlimited object_ is where we seek to overthrow the
enemy completely, so that to save himself from destruction he must
agree to do our will (become subservient); _e.g._, Franco-German War.

NOTE.--Ulterior objects are not necessarily the same in their nature as
the immediate (primary or secondary) objects which lead up to them;
_e.g._, ulterior objects may be offensive, while one or more of the
immediate objects may be defensive, and _vice versa_.

EXAMPLE 1.--Japanese position in the late war. Ulterior object of the
war (to drive Russians from Manchuria) was offensive (positive).
Function or ulterior object of the fleet (to cover the invasion) was
defensive (negative). Its primary object to effect this was to attack
and destroy the Russian naval force. This was offensive (positive).

EXAMPLE 2.--In the Spanish-American War the ulterior object of the war
was (for the Americans) to eject the Spanish Government from Cuba. This
was offensive. The ulterior object of the fleet was to prevent the
Spaniards sending reinforcements or interfering with the intended
American invasion. This was defensive. The primary object of the fleet
was to bring the Spanish Fleet to action. This was offensive.

SYSTEM OF OPERATIONS

Having determined the nature of the war by the nature of its object
(_i.e._, whether it is offensive or defensive and whether it is limited or
unlimited), strategy has to decide on the system of operations or "plan of
the war."

This depends upon:--
(1) The theatre of the war.
(2) The means at our disposal.

1. _Theatre of the War._--Usually defined as "all the territory upon which
the hostile parties may assail each other." This is insufficient. For an
island power the theatre of war will always include sea areas. Truer
definition: "geographical areas within which lie the ulterior objects of
the war and the subordinate objects that lead up to them."

A "theatre of war" may contain several "theatres of operations."

2. _Theatre of Operations_.--Is generally used of the operations of one
belligerent only.

An "operation" is any considerable strategical undertaking.

A "theatre of operations" is usually defined a