segetum_, the "corn marigold," with its yellow bloom, and was
transferred by Linnaeus to the genus, being commonly restricted now
to the species _C. sinense_.

CHRYSANTHIUS, a Greek philosopher of the 4th century A.D., of the school
of Iamblichus. He was one of the favourite pupils of Aedesius, and
devoted himself mainly to the mystical side of Neoplatonism (q.v.). The
emperor Julian (q.v.) went to him by the advice of Aedesius, and
subsequently invited him to come to court, and assist in the projected
resuscitation of Hellenism. But Chrysanthius declined on the strength of
unfavourable omens, as he said, but probably because he realized that
the scheme was unlikely to bear fruit. For the same reason he abstained
from drastic religious reforms in his capacity as high-priest of Lydia.
As a result of his moderation, he remained high-priest till his death,
venerated alike by Christians and pagans. His wife Melite, who was
associated with him in the priestly office, was a kinswoman of Eunapius
the biographer.

CHRYSELEPHANTINE (Gr. [Greek: chrysos], gold, and [Greek: elephas],
ivory), the architectural term given to statues which were built up on a
wooden core, with ivory representing the flesh and gold the drapery. The
two most celebrated examples are those by Pheidias of the statue of
Athena in the Parthenon and of Zeus in the temple at Olympia.

CHRYSENE C18H12, a hydrocarbon occurring in the high boiling fraction of
the coal tar distillate. It is produced in small quantity in the
distillation of amber, on passing the vapour of phenyl-naphthyl-methane
through a red-hot tube, on heating indene, or by passing the mixed
vapours of coumarone and naphthalene through a red-hot tube. It
crystallizes in plates or octahedra (from benzene), which exhibit a
violet fluorescence, and melt at 250 deg.C. Chromic acid in glacial acetic
acid solution oxidizes it to chrysoquinone C18H10O2, which when
distilled with lead oxide gives chrysoketone C17H10O. When chrysene is
fused with alkalis, chrysenic acid, C17H12O3, is produced, which on
heating gives [beta]-phenyl-naphthalene. On heating chrysene with
hydriodic acid and red phosphorus to 260 deg.C, the hydro-derivatives
C18H28 and C18H30 are produced. It gives characteristic addition products
with picric acid and dinitroanthraquinone. Impure chrysene is of a yellow
colour; hence its name ([Greek: chryseos], golden yellow).

CHRYSIPPUS (c. 280-206 B