cumscribed field of objects, but the latter, in the
direction of objects leading directly to peace, opens to itself
an unlimited field of possibilities. Since for the most part the
Commander-in-Chief has only to keep these objects steadily in view,
therefore the part of strategy in which he moves is also that which is
particularly subject to this difficulty.

Theory, therefore, especially where it comprehends the highest services,
will stop much sooner in strategy than in tactics at the simple
consideration of things, and content itself to assist the Commander to
that insight into things which, blended with his whole thought, makes
his course easier and surer, never forces him into opposition with
himself in order to obey an objective truth.

CHAPTER III. ART OR SCIENCE OF WAR

1.--USAGE STILL UNSETTLED

(POWER AND KNOWLEDGE. SCIENCE WHEN MERE KNOWING; ART, WHEN DOING, IS THE
OBJECT.)

THE choice between these terms seems to be still unsettled, and no one
seems to know rightly on what grounds it should be decided, and yet
the thing is simple. We have already said elsewhere that "knowing" is
something different from "doing." The two are so different that they
should not easily be mistaken the one for the other. The "doing" cannot
properly stand in any book, and therefore also Art should never be
the title of a book. But because we have once accustomed ourselves to
combine in conception, under the name of theory of Art, or simply
Art, the branches of knowledge (which may be separately pure sciences)
necessary for the practice of an Art, therefore it is consistent to
continue this ground of distinction, and to call everything Art when the
object is to carry out the "doing" (being able), as for example, Art of
building; Science, when merely knowledge is the object; as Science of
mathematics, of astronomy. That in every Art certain complete sciences
may be included is intelligible of itself, and should not perplex us.
But still it is worth observing that there is also no science without a
mixture of Art. In mathematics, for instance, the use of figures and
of algebra is an Art, but that is only one amongst many instances. The
reason is, that however plain and palpable the difference is between
knowledge and power in the composite results of human knowledge, yet it
is difficult to trace out their line of separation in man himself.

2. DIFFICULTY OF SEPARATING PERCEPTION FROM JUDGMENT.

(ART OF WAR.)

All thinkin