d bloody war, thus
proving to the world that the old Spanish spirit of
independence was still alive. This war is known to the
Spaniards as the _Guerra de la independencia_ and to the
English as the Peninsular War. The popular uprising began
with the seizure of a powder magazine in Madrid by Velarde
and Daoiz (see in _Vocab._). These men and their followers
were killed and the magazine was retaken by the French,
but the incident roused the Spanish people to action.

9. al furor, _in the glare_.

=55.=--4. =Mantua=: a poetic appellation of Madrid. Cf.
article by Prof. Milton A. Buchanan in _Romanic Review_,
1910, p. 211 f. See also p. xxxiii, _Introduction_ to this
volume.

11-12. =?Quien habra... que cuente=, _who may there be to
tell..._

=58.=--26 to =59.=--3. Note how the poet refers to the
various parts of the Spanish peninsula: =hijos de Pelayo=
= the Spaniards in general, or perhaps those page 270
of northernmost Spain; =Moncayo= = Aragon, Navarre and
Castile; =Turia= = Valencia; =Duero= = Old Castile, Leon
and Portugal; and =Guadalquivir= = Andalusia. See =Pelayo=
and =Moncayo= and these names of rivers in _Vocab._

5. =Patron= = Santiago, or St. James, the patron saint of
Spain. According to the legend James "the Greater," son of
Zebedee, preached in Spain, and after his death his body
was taken there and buried at Santiago de Campostela. It
was believed that he often appeared in the battle-fields
fighting with the Spaniards against the Moslems.

14-15. =a... brindo felicidad=, _drank in fire and blood a
toast to her prosperity_.

=60.=--Francisco Martinez de la Rosa (1787-1862) was born
at Granada. During the War of Independence he was sent to
England to plead for the support of that country against
the French. Later he was exiled by Ferdinand VII, and was
for five years a prisoner of state in a Spanish prison on
the African coast. After his release he became prominent
in politics, and was forced to flee to France. In 1834 he
was called into power by the queen regent, Maria Cristina.
He represented his country at Paris, and later at Rome,
and held several important posts as cabinet minister.

See _Introduction_, p. xxxvi; Menendez y Pelayo, _Estudios
de critica literaria_, Madrid, 1884, pp. 223, f.; Blanco
Garcia, I, 115-128; Juan Valera, _Florilegio_, V, 56-63.
His _Obras completas_, 2 vols., ed. Baudry, were published
at Paris in 1845. Several of his articles of literary
crit