4. The first subject to be learned is grammar. Language is necessary
before a knowledge of other things can be gained.

5. Teachers should be better trained and better paid, and suitable
places must be furnished for the schools.

6. The religious side of education must not be neglected.

7. Great attention must be paid to the cultivation of the memory: (_a_)
by a proper understanding of the subject; (_b_) by logical order in
thinking; (_c_) by comparison.

8. As the bee collects honey from many flowers, so knowledge is gathered
from many sources.

9. The foundation of all training of children must be laid in the home.
Parents should know what their children ought to be taught. Above all
things children must be taught to _obey_.

10. The first care with girls is to inculcate in them religious
feelings; the second to protect them from contamination; the third, to
guard them from idleness.

CHAPTER XXVIII

THE REFORMATION AS AN EDUCATIONAL INFLUENCE

=Literature.=--_White_, Eighteen Christian Centuries; _Taylor_, History
of Germany; _Draper_, Intellectual Development of Europe; _Guizot_,
History of Civilization; _Lord_, Beacon Lights; _Seebohm_, The
Protestant Revolution; _Gasquet_, Eve of the Reformation; _Spaulding_,
History of the Reformation; _Bryce_, The Holy Roman Empire; _Morris_,
Era of the Protestant Revolution; _Hurst_, History of the Reformation;
Lewis, History of Germany; _Myers_, Mediaeval and Modern History;
_Schiller_, The Thirty Years' War; _Hallam_, Literary History; _Kiddle
and Schem_, Cyclopaedia of Education; _Dyer_, Modern Europe;
_D'Aubigne_, History of the Reformation; _Yonge_, Three Centuries of
Modern History; _Mombert_, Great Lives; _Schwickerath_, Jesuit
Education.

=Historical Conditions.=--At the beginning of the sixteenth century we
find the stage of political, religious, and educational activity
transferred from the shores of the Mediterranean to the north of the
Alps. We have seen the great work of civilization taken from the Greek
and Latin races and committed to the Teutonic race. We have traced the
humanistic movement from its birthplace in Italy to Germany, where it
found a more congenial atmosphere and a more suitable soil. The world
was ripe for a great revolution, which was destined to advance the
interests of mankind with gigantic strides.

The invention of printing by Gutenberg, in the middle of the fifteenth
century, must be mentioned as the primary materia