public and philanthropic schools. There are no night commercial
classes in parochial schools.

The length of the day course in most private schools is eight months
or less; in public schools it is four years.

The public school, if it believes in longer preparation for commercial
work than most private schools give, should demonstrate the reason to
parents and children.

Training for boys and girls should be different in content and in
emphasis.

The usual course of study in commercial schools is suitable for girls
and unsuitable for boys.

A girl needs, chiefly, specific training in some one line of work. She
has a choice among stenography, bookkeeping, and machine operating.

A boy needs, chiefly, general education putting emphasis on writing,
figuring, and spelling; general information; and the development of
certain qualities and standards.

For students electing to go into commercial work, general education
may be taught more effectively through the medium of commercial
subjects than through academic ones.

Boys' training looks forward to both clerical work and business
administration; but as clerical work is a preparation for business and
is likely to occupy the first few years of wage earning, training
should aim especially to meet the needs of clerical positions.

Clerical positions for boys cover a variety of work which cannot be
definitely anticipated and cannot therefore be specifically trained
for. But certain fundamental needs are common to all.

Most of the specialized training for boys should be given in night
continuation classes.

Girl stenographers need a full high school course for its educational
value and for maturity. Girls going into other clerical positions can
qualify with a year or two less of education; but immaturity in any
case puts them at a disadvantage.

Boys' training, for those who cannot remain in school, should be
compressed into fewer than four years. Immaturity in the case of boys
is not a great disadvantage.

Bookkeeping has general value in the information it gives about
business methods and for its drill in accuracy. To some extent it may
aid in the development of reasoning.

Much of the bookkeeping in actual use in business consists in making
entries of one kind only and in checking and verifying. Understanding
of debit and credit, posting, and trial balance, is the maximum
practical need of the younger workers.

Penmanship demands compactness, legibility, ne