rwards.--The second member of the verse, "And none shall deliver,"
etc., is in so far parallel to the first, as both describe the
dreadfulness of the divine judgment. Parallel is v. 14: "For I will be
as one who roars to Ephraim, and as a lion to the house of Judah: I
will tear and go away, I will take away, and there is no deliverer."

Ver. 13. "_And I make to cease all her mirth, her feast, and her
new-moon, and her sabbath, and all her festival time._"

The feasts served a double purpose. They were days of sacred
dedication, and days of joy; compare Num. x. 10. Israel had violated
them in the former character--just as at present the sacred days have,
throughout the greater part of Christendom, the name only by way of
_catachresis_--and, as a merited punishment, they were taken away by
God in the latter character. They had deprived the festival days of
their sacredness; by God, they are deprived of their joy fulness. The
prophet, in order to intimate that he announces the cessation of the
festival days as days of gladness, premises "all her mirth," to which
all that follows stands in the relation of _species_ to _genus_.
[Hebrew: mwvw] does not here denote "joyful time:" it might, indeed,
according to its formation, have this signification: but it is never
found with it. It here means "joy" itself. (Compare the parallel
passages, Jer. vii. 34; Lam. i. 4: "The ways of Zion do mourn, because
none come to the feasts;" Amos viii. 10: "And I will turn your feasts
into mourning, and all your songs into lamentation;" Lam. v. 15; Is.
xxiv. 8, 11.) The three following nouns were very correctly
distinguished by _Jerome_. [Hebrew: mvedi], "feast," is the designation
of the three annual principal festivals. In addition to these, there
was in every month the [Pg 248] feast of the new-moon; and in every
week, the Sabbath. This connection is a standing one, which, even in
the New Testament (compare Col. ii. 16), still reverts. The words, "all
her festival time," comprehend the single _species_ in the designation
of the _genus_. That [Hebrew: mved] properly signifies "appointed
time," then, more specially, "festival time," "feast," appears from
Lev. xxiii. 4: "These are the [Hebrew: mvedi] of the Lord, the sacred
assemblies which you shall call [Hebrew: bmvedM], in their appointed
time." That the _feasts_ are not a single species co-ordinate with the
new-moons and Sabbaths, but the genus, appears from the fact that in
Lev. xxiii. th