1902); _Cambridge Mod. Hist._
vol. ii., bibliography to chaps. i. ii. and iii.

BOURBON-LANCY, a watering-place of east-central France in the department
of Saone-et-Loire, on a hill about 2 m. from the right bank of the Loire
and on the Borne, 52 m. S.S.E. of Nevers by rail. Pop. (1906) town,
1896; commune, 4266. The town possesses thermal springs, resorted to in
the Roman period, and ancient baths and other remains have been found.
The waters, which are saline and ferruginous, are used for drinking and
bathing, in cases of rheumatism, &c. Their temperature varies from 117
deg. to 132 deg. F. Cardinal Richelieu, Madame de Sevigne, James II. of
England, and other celebrated persons visited the springs in the 17th
and 18th centuries. The town has a well-equipped bathing establishment,
a large hospital, and a church of the 11th and 12th centuries (used as
an archaeological museum), and there are ruins of an old stronghold on a
hill overlooking the town. A belfry pierced by a gateway of the 15th
century and houses of the 15th and 16th centuries also remain. The
industries of the town include the manufacture of farm implements.

In the middle ages Bourbon-Lancy was an important stronghold and a fief
of the Bourbon family, from the name of a member of which the suffix to
its name is derived.

BOURBON L'ARCHAMBAULT, a town of central France in the department of
Allier, on the Burge, 16 m. W. of Moulins by rail. Pop. (1906) 2306. The
town has thermal springs known in Roman times, which are used in cases
of scrofula and rheumatism. The bathing-establishment is owned by the
state. A church dating from the 12th century, and ruins of a castle of
the dukes of Bourbon (13th and 15th centuries), including a cylindrical
keep, are of interest. There are a military and a civil hospital in the
town. Stone is quarried in the vicinity. Bourbon (_Aquae Borvonis_ or
_Bormonis_) was anciently the capital of the Bourbonnais and gave its
name to the great Bourbon family. The affix Archambault is the name of
one of its early lords.

BOURBONNE-LES-BAINS, a town of eastern France, in the department of
Haute-Marne, 35-1/2 m. by rail E.N.E. of Langres. Pop. (1906) 3738. It
is much frequented on account of its hot saline springs, which were
known to the Romans under the name _Aquae Borvonis_. The heat of these
springs varies from 110 deg. to 156 deg. F. The waters are used in cases
of lymphatic affections, scrofula, rheumatism,