manufactures consist of iron goods,
mineral waters, tallow, soap and earthenware, and there are flour mills
and breweries; and there is considerable trade in grain, cattle and
poultry. The church of Brou, a suburb of Bourg, is of great artistic
interest. Marguerite of Bourbon, wife of Philibert II. of Savoy, had
intended to found a monastery on the spot, but died before her intention
could be carried into effect. The church was actually built early in the
16th century by her daughter-in-law Marguerite of Austria, wife of
Philibert le Beau of Savoy, in memory of her husband. The exterior,
especially the facade, is richly ornamented, but the chief interest lies
in the works of art in the interior, which date from 1532. The most
important are the three mausoleums with the marble effigies of
Marguerite of Bourbon, Philibert le Beau, and Marguerite of Austria. All
three are remarkable for perfection of sculpture and richness of
ornamentation. The rood loft, the oak stalls, and the reredos in the
chapel of the Virgin are masterpieces in a similar style.

Roman remains have been discovered at Bourg, but little is known of its
early history. Raised to the rank of a free town in 1250, it was at the
beginning of the 15th century chosen by the dukes of Savoy as the chief
city of the province of Bresse. In 1535 it passed to France, but was
restored to Duke Philibert Emmanuel, who later built a strong citadel,
which afterwards withstood a six months' siege by the soldiers of Henry
IV. The town was finally ceded to France in 1601. In 1814 the
inhabitants, in spite of the defenceless condition of their town,
offered resistance to the Austrians, who put the place to pillage.

BOURGEOIS, LEON VICTOR AUGUSTE (1851- ), French statesman, was born at
Paris on the 21st of May 1851, and was educated for the law. After
holding a subordinate office (1876) in the department of public works, he
became successively prefect of the Tarn (1882) and the Haute-Garonne
(1885), and then returned to Paris to enter the ministry of the interior.
He became prefect of police in November 1887, at the critical moment of
President Grevy's resignation. In the following year he entered the
chamber, being elected deputy for the Marne, in opposition to General
Boulanger, and joined the radical left. He was under-secretary for home
affairs in the Floquet ministry of 1888, and resigned with it in 1889,
being then returned to the chamber for Reims. In the Tirar