sea against Japan.
Chang Hi, on arrival, at once left his boats, and set to work
intrenching on the island of Hirado. He also kept his war-ships at
anchor at a cable's length from each other, so as to avoid the
destructive action of wind and waves. When the great typhoon arose in
the 8th moon, the galleons of Fan and Li were all smashed; only Chang
Hi's escaped uninjured. When Fan Wen-hu, etc., suggested going back,
Chang Hi said: 'Half the soldiers are drowned, but those who have
escaped death are all sturdy troops. Surely it is better for us to
take advantage of this moment, before they have begun to think
regretfully of home, to live on the enemy's country and advance?' Fan
Wen-hu, etc., would not agree to this and said: 'When we see the
Emperor, we will bear all the blame; you have no share in it.' Chang
Hi gave them a number of his boats. At that instant there were 4,000
soldiers encamped on Hirado Island without any boats. Chang Hi said,
'How can I bear to leave them?' And then he jettisoned all the seventy
horses in the boats in order to enable them to get back. When they got
to Peking, Fan Wen-hu, etc., were all disgraced. Only Chang Hi escaped
punishment."

5. _Chapter on Ch'u Ting, an An Hwei man._--"He was with Fan Wen-hu's
force when the sudden storm arose. His craft was smashed, but Ch'u
Ting got hold of a piece of wreckage, and drifted about for three days
and three nights, until he fell in with Fan Wen-hu's ship at a certain
island, and was thus able to get to Kin Chou in Corea. The soldiers
encamped in the Hoh P'u bay also drifted in, and were collected and
taken home by him."

_Chapter on Hung Tsun-k'i, alias Hung Ts'a-k'iu, a Corean of ancient
Chinese descent_.--"[After recounting how Kublai placed him in charge
of the well-disposed Corean troops, how he served in the Corean and
Quelpaert campaigns, and against Japan in 1274 and 1277, the Mongol
History goes on:] In 1281, in company with Hintu [a Ouigour], he led a
naval force of 40,000 men via Kin Chou and Hoh-P'u in Corea to join
the 100,000 men coming by sea from Ningpo under Fan Wen-hu. Forces
were joined at the Iki, Hirado, and other islands of Japan; but before
the hostile forces were encountered, in the 8th month, a storm smashed
the ships, and he returned."

_Extract from Japanese Riokuji, or Historical Handbook_.--"In the 5th
moon of 1281 the Mongols raided us on a wholesale scale. Our troops
were unsuccessful in resisting them at Iki and