sland, and then moved to Five Dragon
Mountains [the Japanese pronunciation would be Go-riu Shima, or Yama,
and perhaps it means the Goto Islands]. On the 1st of the 8th moon the
wind smashed the ships. On the 5th day Fan Wen-hu and the other
generals each made selection of the soundest and best boats, and got
into them, and abandoned the soldiers, to the number of over one
hundred thousand, at the foot of the hills. The soldiers then agreed
to select the centurion Chang as general in command, and styled him
'General Chang,' submitting themselves to his orders. They were just
engaged in cutting down trees to make boats to come back in, when, on
the 7th day, the Japanese came and gave battle. All were killed except
20,000 or 30,000 who were carried off prisoners. On the 9th day these
got to the Eight Horn Islands [the Japanese pronunciation would be
Hakkaku Shima], where all the Mongols, Coreans, and men of Han
[--North China] were massacred. As it was understood that the newly
recruited army consisted of men of T'ang [= Cantonese, etc.], they
were not killed, but turned into slaves, of whom deponent was one. The
trouble arose from want of harmony and subordination in the general
staff, in consequence of which they abandoned the troops and returned.
After some time two other stragglers got back; that is out of a host
of 100,000 only three ever returned.'"

2. _Chapter on the Ouigour General, Siang-wei._--"In 1281 the
sea-force of 100,000 men under Fan Wen-hu, etc., took seven days and
nights to reach Bamboo Island [the Japanese pronunciation would be
Chikushima; perhaps is another form of Tsushima], where they effected
a junction with the forces of the provincial staff from Liao-yang. It
was the intention to first attack the Dazai Fu, but there was
vacillation and indecision. On the 1st day of the 8th moon a great
typhoon raged, and 60 or 70 per cent. of the army perished. The
Emperor was furious, etc."

3. _Chapter on Li T'ing, a Shan Tung man, who was on Fan Wen-hu's
staff._--"In 1281 the army encamped on Bamboo Island, but, a storm
arising, the vessels were all smashed. Li T'ing escaped ashore on a
piece of wreckage, collected the remains of the host, and returned via
Corea to Peking. Only 10 to 20 per cent. of the soldiers escaped alive
[apparently referring to the 40,000, not to the 100,000]."

4. _Chapter on the Chih-Li-man-Chang-Hi._--"He accompanied Fan Wen-hu
and Li T'ing with the naval force which crossed the