the _freedmen raised_ $200,000.00! This was
conclusive proof that emancipation was no mistake. Slavery was a
twofold cross of woe to the land. It did not only degrade the slave,
but it blunted the sensibilities, and, by its terrible weight, carried
down under the slimy rocks of society some of the best white people in
the South. Like a cankerous malady its venom has touched almost every
side of American life.

The white race is in a constant and almost overpowering relation to
the other races upon this continent. It is the duty of this great
totality of intellectual life and force, to supply adequate facilities
for the education of the less intelligent and less fortunate. Of every
ten thousand (10,000) inhabitants there are:

WHITE. COLORED. CHINESE. INDIANS.
In the States 8,711 1,269 15 5
In the Territories 8,711 1,017 158 114
In the whole Union 8,711 1,266 16 7

When we turn our attention to the Southern States, we shall find that
the white people are in excess of the Colored as follows:

MAJORITY.
Alabama 45,874
Arkansas 239,946
Delaware 79,427
Florida 4,368
Georgia 93,774
Kentucky 876,442
Maryland 430,106
Missouri 1,485,075
North Carolina 286,820
Tennessee 613,788
Texas 311,225
Virginia 199,248
West Virginia 406,043

while the Colored people are in excess in only three States, having
over the whites the following majorities:

MAJORITY.
Louisiana 2,145
South Carolina 126,147
Mississippi 61,305

This leaves the whites in these sixteen States in a majority of
4,882,539, over the Colored people. There are more than two whites to
every Colored in the entire population in these States.

Group the States and territories into three geographical classes, and
designate them as Northern, Pacific, and Southern. The first may
comprise all the "free States," where slavery never existed; put in
the second the three Pacific States and all the territories, except
the District of Columbia; and in the third gather all the "slave
States" and the District. Now then, in the Northern class, out of
every 14 persons who can neither read nor write, 13 are white. In the
Pacific