obliteration of the pollen sacs,
as in Fuchsias, and in some double-flowered Antirrhinums.[20] So also in
some semi-double varieties of _Narcissus poeticus_, and in _Aquilegia_.
By the late Professor Charles Morren, this affection of the stamens and
pistils was called _Solenaidie_,[21] but as a similar condition exists
in other organs, it hardly seems worth while to adopt a special term for
the phenomenon, as it presents itself in one set of organs.

In many of these cases it is difficult to say whether the cup-like or
tubular form is due to a dilatation or hollowing out of the organ
affected, or to a fusion of its edges. The arrangement of the veins will
in some cases supply the clue, and in others the regularity of form
will indicate the nature of the malformation, for in those instances
where the cup is the result of expansion, its margin is more likely to
be regular and even than in those where the hollow form is the result of
fusion.

=Cohesion of several organs by their margins:--leaves, &c.=--The union
of the margins of two or more different organs is of more common
occurrence than the preceding, the leaves being frequently subjected to
this change. Occasionally, the leaflets of a compound leaf have been
observed united by their margins, as in the strawberry, the white
trefoil, and others. Sometimes the union takes place by means of the
stalks only. I have an instance of this in a Pelargonium, in _Tropaeolum
majus_, and _Strelitzia regina_; in other cases, the whole extent of the
leaf becomes joined to its neighbour, the leaves thus becoming
completely united by their edges, as in those of _Justicia_,
_oxyphylla_.[22] M. Clos[23] has observed the same thing in the leaves
of the lentil _Ervum lens_, conjoined with fasciation of the stem, and
many other examples might be given. Some of the recorded cases are
probably really due to fission of one leaf into two rather than to
fusion. Although usually the lower portions of the leaf are united
together, leaving the upper parts more or less detached, there are some
instances in which the margins of the leaf at their upper portion have
been noticed to be coherent, while their lower portions, with their
stalks, were completely free.[24]

Cohesion of the leaves frequently accompanies the union of the branches
and fasciation as might have been anticipated. Moquin cites the
fenestrated leaves of _Dracontium pertusum_, as well as some cases of a
similar kind that are occas