rson, well known for his success as a cultivator of these
plants, there was, associated with a cohesion of one sepal with another,
and probably dependent on the same cause, a displacement of the sepals
and petals--so that all were dragged out of place. This dislocation may
be better appreciated by the accompanying formula than even by the
woodcut. Let the usual arrangement be thus represented:

S

P ST P

L

S S

S standing for sepal, P for petal, L for lip, ST for stamen; then the
dislocated form may be represented thus:

S

P P

T
S

S_S
L

[Illustration: FIG. 43.--Flower of _Oncidium cucullatum_, showing union
of two lower sepals, displacement of column and lip, &c.]

In a specimen of _Cypripedium_ also furnished by Mr. Anderson the
appearance was as represented in the accompanying figure and diagrams,
figs. 44, 45. Referring to the plan of the natural arrangement at fig.
46, it will be seen that an explanation of the peculiar appearance of
the flower may be arrived at by supposing a disunion and lateral
displacement of the upper segment of the outer perianth together with
the complete absence of the lower one. In the second or inner whorl of
the perianth the lip is merely a little oblique on one side, but the
lateral petals are distorted, displaced, and adherent one to the other
and to the column, while the posterior shield-like rudimentary anther is
completely wanting.

[Illustration: FIG. 44.--Malformed flower of _Cypripedium_.]

[Illustration: FIG. 45.--Diagram of malformed _Cypripedium_. _o_, outer
segments; _i_, inner segments of perianth; _e_, lip; _s_, stigma; _a_,
anther.]

[Illustration: FIG. 46--- Diagram showing ordinary arrangement in
_Cypripedium_. _o_, outer, _i_, inner segments of perianth; _e_, lip,
_a_, anther, _a'_, abortive stamen; _s_, stigma.]

[Illustration: FIG. 47.--Plan of flower of _Lycaste Skinneri_ showing
displacement of organs.]

In a specimen of _Lycaste Skinneri_ similar changes were observed, as
shown in the plan, fig. 47. Here the posterior sepal was deficient, the
two lateral ones were present, one of them with a long tubular spur, _o
o_; of the two lateral petals, _i i_, one was twisted out of place, so
as partially to occupy the place of the deficient sepal; the lip was
represented by two three-lobed segments, _l_, one above and within the
o