e the Hejira,
and probably up to the battle of Badr."[331] I have only to add that the
word never acquired its fixed application during the lifetime of the
Prophet, nor is it used as such in any chapter of the Koran either
before or after the Hejira.

The connection of flight mentioned in the verse as put together with
Jihad, shows that it means the labour, toil, and distress which befel
the fugitives in leaving their families unprotected in the hands of
their persecutors on their expulsion from their country.

[Sidenote: (11) A'l Amran, III, 136.]

23. "Do ye think that ye could enter Paradise without God taking
knowledge of those among you who (_Jahadoo_) have toiled and of
those who steadfastly endured."

The Rev. Mr. Rodwell translates _Jahadoo_, "did valiantly," and does not
agree with Sale and Palmer, who translate it, "fought strenuously," or
"fought well."

By the connection of enduring patiently, the word _Jahadoo_ probably
means those who toiled and suffered in their exile from Mecca.

[Sidenote: (12) The Spoils, VIII, 73.]

24. "Verily, they who believe and have fled their homes and
(_Jahadoo_) toiled with their substance and themselves in the way
of God, and they who have taken in and have helped, shall be near
of kin the one to the other. And they who have believed, but have
not fled their homes, shall have no rights of kindred with you at
all, _until_ they too fly their country. Yet if they seek aid from
you, on account of the faith, your part is to give them aid, except
against a people between whom and yourself there may be a treaty.
And God beholdeth your actions."

Sale renders the word _Jihad_ (or _Jahadoo_) in this passage as
meaning "employed their substance and their persons in
fighting."
Rodwell ... "Spent their substance and themselves."
Palmer ... "Fought strenuously with their wealth and person."

As the word _Jihad_ has been applied here to both one's-self and his
substance or wealth, it cannot mean "fighting," even if taken in the
technical signification.

[Sidenote: (13) The Spoil, VIII, 75.]

25. "But as for those who have believed and fled their country and
(_Jahadoo_) took pains in the way of God, and have been a refuge or
help, these are the faithful, mercy is their due and a noble
provision."

Sale ... "Fought."
Rodwell ... "Fought."