Palmer ... "Fight strenuously."

[Sidenote: (32) The Immunity, IX, 89.]

45. "But the Apostle, and those who share his faith (_Jahadoo_)
exerted with their substance and their persons, and these ! good
things await them and these are they who shall be happy."

Sale ... "Expose their fortune and their lives."

Rodwell ... "Contend with purse and person."

Palmer ... "Are strenuous with their wealth and
with their persons."

[Sidenote: (33) The Table, V, 39.]

46. "O ye who believe! fear God and desire union with Him and
(_Jahidoo_) toil on His path. It may be that you will obtain
happiness."

Sale ... "Fight."

Rodwell ... "Contend earnestly."

Palmer ... "Be strenuous."

[Sidenote: (34) _Ibid_, 58.]

47. "And the faithful will say, 'Are these they who swore by God
their (_Jahda_) utmost oath that they were surely on your side?'
Vain their works; and they themselves shall come to ruin."

Sale ... "Most firm."

Rodwell ... "Most solemn."

Palmer ... "Most strenuous."

[Sidenote: (35) _Ibid_, 59.]

48. "O ye who believe! should any of you desert his religion, God
will then raise up a people whom He loveth, and who love Him, lowly
towards the faithful, lofty to the unbelievers (_Yojahidoona_)
striving in the path of God, and not fearing the blame of the
blamer. This is the Grace of God; on whom He will He bestoweth it,
and God is all-embracing, Omniscient!"

Sale ... "They shall fight for the religion of God."

Rodwell ... "For the cause of God will they contend."

Palmer ... "Strenuous in the way of God."

[Sidenote: _Jihad_ does not mean the waging of war.]

49. These are all the verses of the Koran which contain the word
"_Jahd_" or "_Jihad_," or any derivations from them. I believe that I
have clearly shown by means of a careful comparison between the
translators and commentators and the original passages in the Koran,
that the word _Jahd_ or _Jihad_ in the classical Arabic and as used in
the Koran does not mean waging war or fighting, but only to do one's
utmost and to exert, labour or toil. The meaning which has come to be
ascribed to the word is undoubtedly a conventional one, and is one that
has been applied to it at a period much less re