alves and hogs, but do not now; it
does not pay; do not think it advisable. My trees are troubled with
canker-worm, flathead borer, and fall web-worm, and my apples with
codling-moth and curculio. I spray April 15 and May 10, on later date,
with London purple, for insects. Think I have reduced the codling-moth.
For insects not affected by spraying, I keep the tree in a healthy
condition. Pick my apples by hand; sort into three classes--market,
cooking, and cider. I sell apples in the orchard, wholesale, retail, or
peddle; sell the best apples in the orchard or to dealers; peddle the
second and third grades; make cider of the culls. I find the nearest
markets to be the best; never have tried distant markets. Do not dry
any. Do not store any, but think I shall. Do not irrigate, but would if
I had the water. Prices have been fifty cents to one dollar per bushel
for best winter apples.

* * * * *

H. A. CONDRA, Longton, Elk county: I have resided in Kansas twenty-one
years; have an apple orchard of seventy-five trees, twenty years old,
ten to sixteen inches in diameter, twenty to twenty-five feet high. I
have thirty more which are but two years old. For market I prefer Ben
Davis, Winesap, Jonathan, and Missouri Pippin; and for family orchard
Red Astrachan, Maiden's Blush, Rawle's Janet, Missouri Pippin, and
Winesap. I prefer a bottom which has a rich loam, with a gravel subsoil
and a north or east slope. I prefer two-year-old trees having but two
limbs, both starting from the same place, set in holes four to six feet
in diameter, two feet deep, filled in with good dirt. I cultivate my
orchard to corn--so as to keep weeds down and hold moisture--use a disc
harrow and cultivator so as to keep the soil loose and fine two or three
inches down. I cease cropping after eight or ten years, and plant
nothing in a bearing orchard. Windbreaks are not essential. For rabbits
I use tin from the roofs of burned buildings or building paper. I prune
with a saw and an ax to thin the tops and keep the limbs above my head;
think it pays. I do not thin the fruit while on the trees. My trees are
planted in blocks [of same kind]. I fertilize my orchard with any
well-rotted manure; I think it beneficial, and would advise its use on
all soils, especially on old orchards. I do not pasture my orchard; do
not think it advisable; it does not pay.

My trees are troubled with canker-worm, tent-caterpillar, leaf-roller,
a