geld, Hrothgar's son-in-law who invaded the
Danish kingdom. (See _Beowulf_, vv. 84, 2024 ff.)

57. See v. 18, above.

58. The _Geats_ were probably settled in southern Sweden. They were the
tribe to which Beowulf belonged.

60. The _Gepidae_ were closely related to the Goths and were originally
located near them at the mouth of the Vistula River. The _Wends_ were
a Slavonic tribe who finally pressed up into the lands vacated in the
great migrations by the Germans between the Elbe and the Vistula.

61. _Angles._ See vv. 8 and 44, above. _Swaefe._ See line 44, above.

62. The _Saxons_, who with the Angles and Jutes settled Britain in the
fifth and sixth centuries, lived originally near the mouth of the
Elbe.

63. The _Heatho-Raemas_ dwelt near the modern Christiania in Norway. See
_Beowulf_, line 518, in which Breca in the swimming match reaches
their land.

65. _Burgundians._ See v. 19.

66. _Guthhere_ was a ruler of the Burgundians (v. 19). He was probably at
Worms when he gave the jewel to Widsith. Guthhere, because of his
great battle with Attila and his tragic defeat, became a great
legendary hero. (See _Waldhere_, B, v. 14.)

67. The _Franks_ and the _Frisians_ are spoken of together in _Beowulf_
(vv. 1207, 1210, 2917), where they together repulse an attack made by
Hygelac. The Frisians probably dwelt west of the Zuider Zee.

68. The _Rugians_ and the _Glommas_. See note to v. 21, above.

70. _Aelfwine:_ (otherwise known as Alboin), the Lombard conqueror of
Italy. He was the son of Audoin (Eadwine).

75-87. Most scholars agree that these lines are interpolated, since they
do not fit in with the rest of the poem.

75. _Serings:_ possibly Syrians.

78. _Welsh:_ a term applied to the Romans by the Old English writers.

79. The _Scride-Finns_ were settled in northern Norway--not in Finland,
where the main body of Finns were found. They are perhaps to be
identified with the modern Lapps.

80. _Lidwicingas:_ the inhabitants of Armorica. _Longobards._ See v. 32.

81. The _Hundings_ are also mentioned in line 23.

84, 85. _Myrging._ See line 4.

86. _East Thuringians._ Probably those Thuringians dwelling in the sixth
century east of the Elbe.

87. _Istians._ Probably the Esthonians mentioned in the _Voyage of
Wulfstan_. (See p. 194, line 151, below.) The _Idumingas_ were
neighbors of the Istians. Both were probably Lettish or Lithuanian