and dry, the latter (extending from December
to the end of May) being also the cold season. The temperature ranges from
70deg F. to 86deg F., rarely, even on the coldest days, falling below 65deg
F. The average annual rainfall is about 60 in., September being the wettest
month. For eight months the invigorating N.E. trade winds temper the
tropical heat. The absence of swamps, the porous nature of the soil, and
the extent of cultivation account for the freedom of the island from
miasma. Fever is unknown. The climate has a beneficial effect on pulmonary
diseases, especially in their earlier stages, and is remarkable in
arresting the decay of vital power consequent upon old age. Leprosy occurs
amongst the negroes, and elephantiasis is so frequent as to be known as
"Barbados leg."

_Industries_.--The cultivation of sugar was first introduced in the middle
of the 17th century, and owing to the cheapness of labour, the extreme
fertility of the soil and the care bestowed on its cultivation, became the
staple product of the island. Cotton growing has recently become of
importance. The few other industries include rum distilleries and factories
for chemicals, ice and tobacco. A railway 28 m. long runs from Bridgetown
partly round the coast. The island is a place of call for almost all the
steamships plying to and from the West Indies, and is a great centre of
distribution. There is direct communication at frequent intervals with
England, the United States, Canada and the other West Indian islands.

_Population and Administration._--The greater part of the inhabitants
belong to the Church of England, which exceeds in numbers the combined
total of all other denominations. The island is the see of a bishop, who,
with the clergy of all creeds, is paid by the government. The chief
educational establishment is Codrington College, founded by Colonel
Christopher Codrington, who in 1710 bequeathed two estates to the Society
for the Propagation of the Gospel. It trains young men for holy orders and
is affiliated to the university of Durham. Harrison College and The Lodge
are secondary schools for boys, Queen's College for girls. There are
several second grade and a large number of primary schools. The colony
possesses representative institutions but not responsible government. The
crown has a veto on legislation and the home government appoints the public
officials, excepting the treasurer. The island is administered by a
governor, assis