ed is that sea, the Michigan or Wisconsin soldier will
tell you, for it is white more than half the year with ice and snow, the
sporting ground for polar bears.

While we were fighting the Bolsheviki in Archangel, the National
Geographic Society, in a bulletin, published to our people certain facts
about the country. It is so good that extracts are in this chapter
included:

"The city of Archangel, Russia, where Allied and American troops have
their headquarters in the fight with the Bolshevik forces, was the
capital of the Archangel Province, or government, under the czar's
regime--a vast, barren and sparsely populated region, cut through by
the Arctic Circle.

"West and east, the distance across the Archangel district is about
that from London to Rome, from New York to St. Louis, or from Boston
to Charleston, S. C. Its area, exclusive of interior waters, is
greater than that of France, Italy, Belgium and Holland combined. Yet
there are not many more people in these great stretches than are to be
found in Detroit, Mich., or San Francisco or Washington.

"Arable land in all this territory is less than 1,200 square miles,
and three-fourths of that is given over to pasturage. The richer
grazing land supports Holmagor cattle, a breed said to date back to
the time of Peter the Great, who crossed native herds with cattle
imported from Holland.

"About fifteen miles from the mouth of the Dvina River, which affords
an outlet to the White Sea, lies the city of Archangel. Norsemen came
to that port in the tenth century for trading. One expedition was
described by Alfred the Great. But first contact with the outside
world was established in the sixteenth century when Sir Richard
Chancellor, an English sailor, stopped at the bleak haven while
attempting a northeast passage to India. Ivan the Terrible summoned
him to Moscow and made his visit the occasion for furthering
commercial relations with England. Thirty years after the Englishman's
visit a town was established and for the next hundred years it was the
Muscovite kingdom's only seaport, chief doorway for trade with England
and Holland.

"When Peter the Great established St. Petersburg as his new capital
much trade was diverted to the Baltic, but Archangel was compensated
by designation as the capital of the Archangel government.

"Boris Godunov threw open to all nations, and in the seventeenth
century