ildings dating from 1853, but
founded by Frederick VI. of Denmark in 1811, embracing the five
faculties of theology, law, medicine, history and philology, mathematics
and natural sciences. The equipment of the university is very complete:
it has attached to it a large and valuable library, natural history,
ethnological and numismatic collections, with one of Scandinavian
antiquities; also botanical gardens and an observatory. The
Karl-Johans-gade gives upon the beautiful Slotspark, a wooded elevation
crowned with the royal palace (_slot_), a plain building completed in
1848. North of the university is the museum of art, containing a
noteworthy collection of sculpture and paintings of ancient and modern
foreign masters, and of native works. The historical museum adjoining
this contains northern antiquities, including two viking's ships,
excavated, in 1867 and 1880 respectively, from the burial-places of the
viking chiefs who owned and, according to custom, were buried in them.
Another noteworthy collection is that of industrial art. The Bank of
Norway, the exchange, and the courts of law lie between the harbours.
Other institutions are the Freemasons' Lodge, housed in one of the
handsomest buildings in the city (1844), a conservatory of music, naval,
military and art schools, Athenaeum, and the great Dampkjoekken or
kitchen (1858), where dinners are provided for the poor.

The suburbs of Christiania are attractive and rapidly growing. On the
east side of the river Aker is that of Oslo, with the existing episcopal
palace, and an old bishop's palace, in which James VI. of Scotland (I.
of England) was betrothed to Princess Anne of Denmark (1589). In the
environs of the city are the royal pleasure castle of Oscarshal
(1847-1852), on the peninsula Bygdoe (Ladugaard) to the west of the city,
and the Norwegian national museum (1881), containing industrial and
domestic exhibits from the various provinces. Close at hand is an
interesting collection of old Norwegian buildings, brought here from all
parts, and re-erected, including an example of the timber church of the
12th century (_Stavekirke_). A collection of ancient agricultural
implements is also shown. On Hovedoe (Head Island) in the fjord,
immediately opposite to the Akershus, are the ruins of a Cistercian
monastery, founded in 1147 by monks from Kirkstead in Lincolnshire,
England, and burnt down in 1532. There are sanatoria and inns among the
surrounding hills, on which b