used to hasten
cicatrization of integumental wounds. There is recorded an instance in
which the breast of a crow and the back of a rat were grafted together
and grew fast. The crow dragged the rat along, and the two did not seem
to care to part company.

Relative to skin-grafting proper, Bartens succeeded in grafting the
skin of a dead man of seventy on a boy of fourteen. Symonds reports
cases of skin-grafting of large flaps from amputated limbs, and says
this method is particularly available in large hospitals where they
have amputations and grafts on the same day. Martin has shown that,
after many hours of exposure in the open air at a temperature of nearly
32 degrees F., grafts could be successfully applied, but in such
temperatures as 82 degrees F., exposure of from six to seven hours
destroyed their vitality, so that if kept cool, the limb of a healthy
individual amputated for some accident, may be utilized for grafting
purposes.

Reverdin originated the procedure of epidermic grafting. Small grafts
the size of a pin-head doing quite as well as large ones.
Unfortunately but little diminution of the cicatricial contraction is
effected by Reverdin's method. Thiersch contends that healing of a
granulated surface results first from a conversion of the soft,
vascular granulation-papillae, by contraction of some of their elements
into young connective-tissue cells, into "dry, cicatricial papillae,"
actually approximating the surrounding tissues, thus diminishing the
area to be covered by epidermis; and, secondly, by the covering of
these papillae by epidermic cells. Thiersch therefore recommends that
for the prevention of cicatricial contraction, the grafting be
performed with large strips of skin.

Harte gives illustrations of a case of extensive skin-grafting on the
thigh from six inches above the great trochanter well over the median
line anteriorly and over the buttock. This extent is shown in Figure
228, taken five months after the accident, when the granulations had
grown over the edge about an inch. Figure 229 shows the surface of the
wound, six and one-half months after the accident and three months
after the applications of numerous skin-grafts.

Cases of self-mutilation may be divided into three classes:--those in
which the injuries are inflicted in a moment of temporary insanity from
hallucinations or melancholia; with suicidal intent; and in religious
frenzy or emotion. Self-mutilation is seen in the l