ph shows well the characteristics of the Chinese foot--the
prominent and vertically placed heel, which is raised generally about
an inch from the level of the great toe; the sharp artificial cavus,
produced by the altered position of the os calcis, and the downward
deflection of the foot in front of the mediotarsal joint; the straight
and downward pointing great toe, and the infolding of the smaller toes
underneath the great toe. In Figure III we have a photograph of the
skeleton of a Chinese lady's foot about five inches in anteroposterior
diameter. The mesial axis of the os calcis is almost directly vertical,
with a slight forward inclination, forming a right angle with the bones
in front of the mediotarsal joint. The upper three-quarters of the
anterior articular surface of the calcis is not in contact with the
cuboid, the latter being depressed obliquely forward and downward, the
lower portion of the posterior facet on the cuboid articulating with a
new surface on the under portion of the bone. The general shape of the
bone closely resembles that of a normal one--a marked contrast to its
wasted condition and tapering extremity in paralytic calcaneus.
Extension and flexion at the ankle are only limited by the shortness of
the ligaments; there is no opposition from the conformation of the
bones. The astragalus is almost of normal shape; the trochlea is
slightly prolonged anteriorly, especially on the inner side, from
contact with the tibial articular surface. The cartilage on the exposed
posterior portion of the trochlea seems healthy. The head of the
astragalus is very prominent on the outer side, the scaphoid being
depressed downward and inward away from it. The anterior articular
surface is prolonged in the direction of the displaced scaphoid. The
scaphoid, in addition to its displacement, is much compressed on the
planter surface, being little more than one-half the width of the
dorsal surface. The cuboid is displaced obliquely downward and forward,
so that the upper part of the posterior articular surface is not in
contact with the calcis.

A professional leg-breaker is described in the Weekly Medical Review of
St. Louis, April, 1890. This person's name was E. L. Landers, and he
was accredited with earning his living by breaking or pretending to
break his leg in order to collect damages for the supposed injury.
Moreover, this individual had but one leg, and was compelled to use
crutches. At the time of report h