d particularly among sailors and soldiers. The sequences of this
custom are sometimes quite serious. Syphilis has been frequently
contracted in this manner, and Maury and Dulles have collected 15 cases
of syphilis acquired in tattooing. Cheinisse reports the case of a
young blacksmith who had the emblems of his trade tattooed upon his
right forearm. At the end of forty days small, red, scaly elevations
appeared at five different points in the tattooed area. These broke
down and formed ulcers. When examined these ulcers presented the
peculiarities of chancres, and there was upon the body of the patient a
well-marked syphilitic roseola. It was ascertained that during the
tattooing the operator had moistened the ink with his own saliva.

Hutchinson exhibited drawings and photographs showing the condition of
the arms of two boys suffering from tuberculosis of the skin, who had
been inoculated in the process of tattooing. The tattooing was done by
the brother of one of the lads who was in the last stages of phthisis,
and who used his own saliva to mix the pigment. The cases were under
the care of Murray of Tottenham, by whom they had been previously
reported. Williams has reported the case of a militiamen of seventeen
who, three days after an extensive tattooing of the left forearm,
complained of pain, swelling, and tenderness of the left wrist. A day
later acute left-sided pneumonia developed, but rapidly subsided. The
left shoulder, knee, and ankle were successively involved in the
inflammation, and a cardiac bruit developed. Finally chorea developed
as a complication, limited for a time to the left side, but shortly
spreading to the right, where rheumatic inflammation was attacking the
joints. The last, however, quickly subsided, leaving a general, though
mild chorea and a permanently damaged heart.

Infibulation of the male and female external genital organs for the
prevention of sexual congress is a very ancient custom. The Romans
infibulated their singers to prevent coitus, and consequent change in
the voice, and pursued the same practice with their actors and dancers.
According to Celsus, Mercurialis, and others, the gladiators were
infibulated to guard against the loss of vigor by sexual excesses. In
an old Italian work there is a figure of an infibulated musician--a
little bronze statue representing a lean individual tortured or
deformed by carrying an enormous ring through the end of the penis. In
one of his ple