e of two calculi of enormous size.

Of the extravesical calculi some are true calculi, while others are
simply the result of calcareous or osseous degeneration. Renal and
biliary calculi are too common to need mention here. There are some
extraordinary calculi taken from a patient at St. Bartholomew's
Hospital and deposited in the museum of that institution. The patient
was a man of thirty-eight. In the right kidney were found a calculus
weighing 36 1/2 ounces, about 1000 small calculi, and a quantity of
calcareous dust. In the left kidney there was a calculus weighing 9 3/4
ounces, besides a quantity of calcareous dust. The calculi in this case
consisted chiefly of phosphate of magnesium and ammonium. Cordier of
Kansas City, Mo., successfully removed a renal calculus weighing over
three ounces from a woman of forty-two. The accompanying illustration
shows the actual size of the calculus.

At the University College Hospital, London, there are exhibited 485
gall-stones that were found postmortem in a gall-bladder. Vanzetti
reports the removal of a preputial calculus weighing 224 grams.
Phillipe mentions the removal of a calculus weighing 50 grams from the
prepuce of an Arab boy of seven. Croft gives an account of some
preputial calculi removed from two natives of the Solomon Islands by an
emigrant medical officer in Fiji. In one case 22 small stones were
removed, and in the other a single calculus weighing one ounce 110
grains. Congenital phimosis is said to be very common among the natives
of Solomon Islands.

In September, 1695, Bernard removed two stones from the meatus
urinarius of a man, after a lodgment of twenty years. Block mentions a
similar case, in which the lodgment had lasted twenty-eight years.
Walton speaks of a urethral calculus gradually increasing in size for
fifty years. Ashburn shows what he considers the largest calculus ever
removed from the urethra. It was 2 1/8 inches long, and 1 1/4 inches
in diameter; it was white on the outside, very hard, and was shaped and
looked much like a potato. Its dry weight was 660 grains. At one end
was a polished surface that corresponded with a similar surface on a
smaller stone that lay against it; the latter calculus was shaped like
a lima bean, and weighed 60 grains. Hunt speaks of eight calculi
removed from the urethra of a boy of five. Herman and the Ephemerides
mention cases of calculi in the seminal vesicles.

Calcareous degeneration is seen in the o