8-66, Snavety, T. R.

[63] Snavely, T. R., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, Rep. U. S. Dept.
Lab., pp. 58-66.

[64] Woofter, T. J., Jr., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, U. S. Dept.
Lab., pp. 86-89.

[65] Woofter, T. J., Jr., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, U. S. Dept.
Lab., pp. 86-89.

[66] Leavell, R. H., _Ibid._, pp. 21-22.

[67] Williams, W. T. B., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, Rep. U. S. Dept
Lab., p. 103.

[68] What will be said from this point on through the remainder of
this chapter will be based largely on information taken from the
preceding reference, pp. 100-111.

[69] Robertson, W. T., Mayor of Montgomery, Ala., _Contemp. Rev._,
114: 300, Sept., 1918.

[70] Williams, W. T. B., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, Rep. U. S.
Dept. Lab., p. 101.

CHAPTER V

THE EFFECTS OF THE NEGRO MIGRATION ON THE SOUTH

As we have noted the immensity, the make-up, and the causes of this
movement, we are now justified in seeking to know something concerning
its effects upon the South. If this movement had any effects upon the
South, these undoubtedly must have been felt first and most in its
economic interests; for, as we have seen, the majority of the migrants
were laborers who left the farms and industries of this section in
response to the great demand for labor in the North. That the South is
almost wholly dependent on Negro labor is a truism, because for
various reasons it has been unable to obtain any considerable amount
of any other kind of labor. Its native white labor supply that is
available to perform the menial work is considerably small, and very
little of its labor force is drawn from the foreign-born element,
which has been coming to this country in such large numbers during the
years immediately preceding the beginning of the Great War. In 1910,
when a study was made of the distribution of the immigrants to this
country, it was found that 84 per cent of them were in the North, 9.7
per cent in the West, whereas only 5.4 per cent of them were in the
South.[71] In 1920, 82.9 per cent of the foreign born were in the
North, 10.8 per cent in the West, and only 6.3 per cent in the South.
We are aware of the fact also that previous to this Negro movement
there existed a surplus of Negro labor due to adverse natural
conditions in certain parts of the South, and that in order to remove
this excess the migration was gladly welcomed. It happened, however,
that when this superfluous labor was removed, the migrati