riots the
Negroes, in terror, were leaving the North, moreover, more positive
efforts were made, especially on the part of two Southern States, to
obtain Negro laborers. These took the form of sending agents to the
North to solicit labor and of empowering them to offer the Negroes
free transportation and to make them promises of increased wages and
better living conditions. These inducements, however, were ineffective
because the Negroes doubted the sincerity of the Southern agents.
Indeed, they were inclined all the more to be skeptical, for in the
meantime news had reached them from various parts of the South to the
effect that, except school conditions, things have not at all changed
for the better; that, in many instances on the contrary, since the
Great War living conditions of Negroes have become worse and that from
a few places a small stream of Negroes was still moving
northward.[173] The Federal census of 1920 justifies us, furthermore,
in saying that for the most part the Negro migrants are satisfied with
conditions in the North and are inclined to remain there; and that the
number of those returning or who have returned to the South is, in
comparison to the great number of those who came North, infinitely
small.

FOOTNOTES:

[156] Epstein, A., _The Negro Migrant in Pittsburgh_, pp. 56-59.

[157] Pendleton, H. B., _Survey_, 37: 571, Feb. 17, 1917.

[158] _Survey_, 38: 28, April 7, 1917.

[159] _Survey_, 42: 579, July 19, 1917.

[160] Epstein, A., _The Negro Migrant in Pittsburgh_, pp. 47-48.

[161] Tyson, F. D., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, Rep. U. S. Dept.
Lab., p. 141.

[162] _Ibid._, p. 142.

[163] _Ibid._, p. 141.

[164] Bell, J. B., _Proc. Nat. Conf. Soc. Work._, pp. 502-03, June,
1917.

[165] _Survey_, 45: 752, Feb. 26, 1021, "A New Negro Migration."

[166] Hoyer, R. A., "Migration of Colored Workers," _Survey_, 45: 930,
March 26, 1921.

[167] _New York Times_, Dec. 12, 1920, 14: 1.

[168] _Survey_, 45: 752, Feb. 26, 1921.

[169] Washington, F. B., _Survey_, 38: 333-35, July 14, 1917.

[170] Fairchild, H. P., _Immigration_, pp. 348-52.

[171] Dillard, J. H., _Negro Migration in 1916-17_, Rep. U. S. Dept.
Lab., p. 11.

[172] Hill, T. A., _Survey_, 43: 183-85, Nov. 29, 1919.

[173] Hill, T. A., _Survey_, 43: 183-85, Nov. 29, 1919.

CHAPTER IX

THE STATISTICS OF THE MIGRATION

The apparent effect of the migration in the light of the advanced
reports of the census of 1