ed from, Lat. ager, occurs
in Goodacre, Hardacre, Linacre, Whittaker, etc., and Field itself
gives numerous compounds, including Butterfield (bittern, Chapter
XXIII), Schofield (school), Streatfeild (street), Whitfield.

Pasture-land is represented above all by Lea, for which see Chapter
III. It is cognate with Hohenlohe and Waterloo, while Mead and Medd
are cognate with Zermatt (at the mead). Brinsmead thus means the same
as Brinsley.

MARSHES

Marshy land has given the names Carr or Kerr (Scand.) and Marsh,
originally an adjective, merisc, from mer, mere. The doublet Marris
has usually become Morris. The compounds Tidmarsh and Titchmarsh
contain the Anglo-Saxon names Tidda and Ticca. Moor also originally
had the meaning morass (e.g. in Sedgemoor), as Ger. Moor still has, so
that Fenimore is pleonastic. The northern form is Muir, as in
Muirhead. Moss was similarly used in the north; cf. moss-trooper and
Solway Moss, but the surname Moss is generally for Moses (Chapter IX).
From slough we get the names Slow, Slowley, and Sloman (also perhaps a
nickname), with which we may compare Moorman and Mossman. This seems
to be also the most usual meaning of Slack or Slagg, also used of a
gap in the hills

"The first horse that he rode upon,
For he was raven black,
He bore him far, and very far,
But failed in a slack."

(Ballad of Lady Maisry.)

Tye means common land. Platt is a piece, or plot, of level country--

"Oft on a plat of rising ground
I hear the far-off curfew sound"

(Penseroso, 1. 73);

and shape is expressed by Gore, a triangular piece of land (cf.
Kensington Gore), of which the older form Gare, Geare, also survives.
In Lowndes we have laund or lound--

"And to the laund he rideth hym ful right,
For thider was the hart wont have his flight

(A. 1691)--

a piece of heath land, the origin of the modern word lawn. In Lund
and Lunn it has become confused with the Old Norse lundr, a sacred
grove.

Laund itself is of French origin--

"Lande, a land, or laund; a wild, untilled, shrubbie, or bushie
plaine"

(Cotgrave).

Its relation to land is uncertain, and it is not possible to
distinguish them in such compounds as Acland (Chapter XII), Buckland,
Cleveland, etc. The name Lander or Launder is unconnected with these
(see p.186). Flack is Mid. Eng. flagge, turf. Snape is a dialect
word for boggy ground, and Wong means a meadow.

A rather uncouth-looking set of names, which occur