form, e.g.
Allworthy, from ald, old (cf. Aldworth), Langworthy. Rickworth,
further corrupted to Record, is the Anglo-Saxon name Ricweard.
Littleworth may belong to this class, but may also be a nickname.
This would make it equivalent to the imitative Little-proud, formerly
Littleprow, from Old French and Mid. Eng. prou, worth, value.
To this group may be added two more, which signify a mart, viz. Cheap
or Chipp (cf. Chepstow, Chipping Barnet) and Staple, whence Huxtable,
Stapleton, etc. Liberty, that part of a city which, though outside
the walls, shares in the city privileges, and Parish also occur as
surnames, but the latter is usually for Paris.
Many other words connected with the delimitation of property occur
commonly in surnames. Croft or Craft, a small field, is common in
compounds such as Beecroft or Bearcroft (barley), Haycraft (see hay,
below), Oscroft(ox), Rycroft, Meadowcroft. [Footnote: I remember
reading in some story of a socially ambitious lady who adopted this
commonplace name instead of Gubbins. The latter name came over, as
Gobin, with the Conqueror, and goes back to Old Ger. Godberaht, whence
Old Fr. Godibert.] Fold occurs usually as Foulds, but we have
compounds such as Nettlefold, Penfold or Pinfold (Chapter XIII). Sty,
not originally limited to pigs, has given Hardisty, the sty of
Heardwulf. Frith, a park or game preserve, is probably more often the
origin of a surname than the other frith (Chapter XII). It is cognate
with Ger. Friedhof, cemetery. Chase is still used of a park and Game
once meant rabbit-warren. Warren is Fr. garenne. Garth, the
Scandinavian doublet of Yard, and cognate with Garden, has given the
compounds Garside, Garfield, Hogarth (from a place in Westmorland),
and Applegarth, of which Applegate is a corruption. We have a
compound of yard in Wynyard, Anglo-Sax. win, vine. We have also the
name Close and its derivative Clowser. Gate, a barrier or opening,
Anglo-Sax. geat, is distinct from the Scandinavian gate, a street
(Chapter XIII), though of course confused with it in surnames. From
the northern form we have Yates, Yeats, and Yeatman, and the compounds
Byatt, by gate, Hyatt, high gate. Agate is for atte gate, and
Lidgate, whence Lidgett, means a swing gate, shutting like a lid.
Fladgate is for flood-gate. Here also belongs Barr. Hatch, the gate
at the entrance to a chase, survives in Colney Hatch. The apparent
dim. Hatchett is for Hatchard (Chapter VIII)
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