re said to give a definition of the class, or
to define it. The statement, "A trimeter is a verse of three measures,"
is a definition because it gives, first, the larger class (verse) to
which the trimeters belong, and secondly, the difference (of three
measures) which distinguishes the trimeter from all other verses. The
statement, "A binomial is an algebraic expression consisting of two
terms," is a definition, because it gives, first, the larger class
(algebraic expression) to which binomials belong, and secondly, the
difference (consisting of two terms) which distinguishes binomials from
other algebraic expressions.

JUDGMENT

=Nature of Judgment.=--A second form, or mode, of thinking is known as
judgment. Our different concepts were seen to vary in their intension,
or meaning, according to the number of attributes suggested by each. My
notion _triangle_ may denote the attributes three-sided and
three-angled; my notion _isosceles triangle_ will in that case include
at least these two qualities plus equality of two of the sides. This
indicates that various relations exist between our ideas and may be
apprehended by the mind. When a relation between two concepts is
distinctly apprehended in thought, or, in other words, when there is a
mental assertion of a union between two ideas, or objects of thought,
the process is known as _judgment_. Judgment may be defined, therefore,
as the apprehension, or mental affirmation, of a relation between two
ideas. If the idea, or concept, _heaviness_ enters as a mental element
into my idea _stone_, then the mind is able to affirm a relation between
these concepts in the form, "Stone is heavy." In like manner when the
mind asserts, "Glass is transparent" or "Horses are animals," there is
a distinct apprehension of a relation between the concepts involved.

=Judgment Distinguished from Statement.=--It should be noted that
judgment is the mental apprehension of a relation between ideas. When
this relation is expressed in actual words, it is spoken of as a
proposition, or a predication. A proposition is, therefore, the
statement of a judgment. The proposition is composed of two terms and
the copula, one term constituting the subject of the proposition and the
other the predicate. Although a judgment may often be expressed in some
other form, it can usually be converted into the above form. The
proposition, "Horses eat oats," may be expressed in the form, "Horses
are oat-eaters"; th