Congress by appropriate Act or joint
resolution, providing for the numbers and types of armed forces, their
degree of readiness and general location, and the nature of facilities
and assistance, including rights of passage, to be made available to the
Security Council on its call for the purpose of maintaining
international peace and security in accordance with article 43 of said
Charter. The President shall not be deemed to require the authorization
of the Congress to make available to the Security Council on its call in
order to take action under article 42 of said Charter and pursuant to
such special agreement or agreements the armed forces, facilities, or
assistance provided for therein: _Provided_, That nothing herein
contained shall be construed as an authorization to the President by the
Congress to make available to the Security Council for such purpose
armed forces, facilities, or assistance in addition to the forces,
facilities, and assistance provided for in such special agreement or
agreements."[270]

The Executive Establishment

"OFFICE"

"An office is a public station, or employment, conferred by the
appointment of government," and "embraces the ideas of tenure duration,
emolument, and duties."[271]

"AMBASSADORS AND OTHER PUBLIC MINISTERS"

The term "ambassadors and other public ministers," comprehends "all
officers having diplomatic functions, whatever their title or
designation."[272] It was originally assumed that such offices were
established by the Constitution itself, by reference to the Law of
Nations, with the consequence that appointments might be made to them
whenever the appointing authority--the President and Senate--deemed
desirable.[273] During the first sixty-five years of the Government
Congress passed no act purporting to create any diplomatic rank, the
entire question of grades being left with the President. Indeed, during
the administrations of Washington, Adams and Jefferson, and the first
term of Madison, no mention occurs in any appropriation act even, of
ministers of a specified rank at this or that place, but the provision
for the diplomatic corps consisted of so much money "for the expenses of
foreign intercourse," to be expended at the discretion of the President.
In Madison's second term the practice was introduced of allocating
special sums to the several foreign missions maintained by the
Government, but even then the legislative provisions did not purport to
cur