be
distinct from the lip. The uppermost figure 2 should have been 1. (See
text.)]

In either case it is admitted that there are six stamens in two rows.
The first row consists of one posterior stamen, which is generally
perfect, and two abortive stamens incorporated with the labellum. The
second row also consists of three stamens, all of which are usually
abortive and inseparable from the column. Traces of them may
occasionally be met with in the form of tubercles or wing-like processes
from the column. In _Cypripedium_, while the ordinary stamen of the
outer row is deficient, two of the inner series are present. The
diagram, fig. 192, will serve to show the arrangement of the parts as
above described. + represents the situation of the stem or axis; on the
opposite side is the bract; between these are placed the sepals, one
posterior or next the axis (incorrectly numbered 2 in the plan), two
lateral 1, 1; next in order follow the petals, 2, 2, 2, two lateral and
somewhat posterior, one larger (the lip), anterior; the outer series of
stamens are represented by A 1, A 2, A 3, the two latter being fused
with the labellum; _a_ 1, _a_ 2, _a_ 3 represent the position of the
inner verticil of stamens, while s, s, s denote the three carpels. It is
foreign to the purpose of this book to detail the varied evidence in
support of this explanation of the homologies of orchid flowers.[438]
All that can be done in these pages is to set forth the evidence
furnished by teratology as to this matter--evidence for the most part
accumulated and recorded without any special reference to any theory of
orchid structure.

The following details all refer to flowers in which the number of
stamens in orchidaceous plants was increased beyond what is necessary.
They are arranged with reference to the number of adventitious organs,
beginning with those in which the number was smallest, and proceeding
thence to those in which it was greatest. In some cases it has not been
possible to ascertain whether the adventitious organs were really
restorations of the numerical symmetry, substitutions of one part for
another, stamen for petal, &c., or wholly adventitious productions.
Unless otherwise stated, the interpretation put upon the facts thus
recorded is that of the present writer, and not necessarily that of the
original observer.

Mr. J. T. Moggridge has described and figured a flower of
_Ophrys insectifera_ in which there was a vestige o