standing, and that we can never pretend to
know body otherwise than by those external properties, which discover
themselves to the senses. As to those who attempt any thing farther, I
cannot approve of their ambition, till I see, in some one instance at
least, that they have met with success. But at present I content myself
with knowing perfectly the manner in which objects affect my senses, and
their connections with each other, as far as experience informs me of
them. This suffices for the conduct of life; and this also suffices for
my philosophy, which pretends only to explain the nature and causes of
our perceptions, or impressions and ideas [Footnote 4.].
[Footnote 4. As long as we confine our speculations to the
appearances of objects to our senses, without entering into
disquisitions concerning their real nature and operations,
we are safe from all difficulties, and can never be
embarrassed by any question. Thus, if it be asked, if the
invisible and intangible distance, interposed betwixt two
objects, be something or nothing: It is easy to answer, that
it is SOMETHING, VIZ. a property of the objects, which
affect the SENSES after such a particular manner. If it be
asked whether two objects, having such a distance betwixt
them, touch or not: it may be answered, that this depends
upon the definition of the word, TOUCH. If objects be said
to touch, when there is nothing SENSIBLE interposed betwixt
them, these objects touch: it objects be said to touch, when
their IMAGES strike contiguous parts of the eye, and when
the hand FEELS both objects successively, without any
interposed motion, these objects do not touch. The
appearances of objects to our senses are all consistent; and
no difficulties can ever arise, but from the obscurity of
the terms we make use of.
If we carry our enquiry beyond the appearances of objects to
the senses, I am afraid, that most of our conclusions will
be full of scepticism and uncertainty. Thus if it be asked,
whether or not the invisible and intangible distance be
always full of body, or of something that by an improvement
of our organs might become visible or tangible, I must
acknowledge, that I find no very decisive arguments on
either side; though I am inclined to the contrary opinion,
as being more suitable to vulgar and popular notions
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