ory, which is warranted by the existence of
a single exception. If the diagram were to represent incompatibility
accurately, the Contrary ought to have a longer line than the
Contradictory, and this it seems to have had in the diagram that
Aristotle had in mind (_De Interpret._, c. 10).

It is only when Opposition is taken to mean merely difference in
Quantity and Quality that there can be said to be greater opposition
between Contradictories than between Contraries. Contradictories
differ both in Quantity and in Quality: Contraries, in Quality only.

There is another sense in which the Particular Contradictory may be
said to be a stronger opposite than the Contrary. It is a stronger
position to take up argumentatively. It is easier to defend than a
Contrary. But this is because it offers a narrower and more limited
opposition.

We deal with what is called Immediate Inference in the next chapter.
Pending an exact definition of the process, it is obvious that two
immediate inferences are open under the above doctrines, (1) Granted
the truth of any proposition, you may immediately infer the falsehood
of its Contradictory. (2) Granted the truth of any Contrary, you may
immediately infer the truth of its Subaltern.[3]

[Footnote 1: This is the traditional definition of Opposition
from an early period, though the tradition does not start from
Aristotle. With him opposition ([Greek: antikeisthai]) meant,
as it still means in ordinary speech, incompatibility. The
technical meaning of Opposition is based on the diagram (given
afterwards in the text) known as the Square of Opposition, and
probably originated in a confused apprehension of the reason
why it received that name. It was called the Square of
Opposition, because it was intended to illustrate the doctrine
of Opposition in Aristotle's sense and the ordinary sense of
repugnance or incompatibility. What the Square brings out is
this. If the four forms A E I O are arranged symmetrically
according as they differ in quantity, or quality, or both, it
is seen that these differences do not correspond symmetrically
to compatibility and incompatibility: that propositions may
differ in quantity or in quality without being incompatible,
and that they may differ in both (as Contradictories) and be
less violently incompatible than when they differ in one only
(as Contraries). The original purpose of the d