quently
forms a centre of attraction for large numbers of devotees. The city is
historically interesting as the capital of the Chola race, one of the
oldest Hindu dynasties of which any traces remain, and from which the
whole coast of Coromandel, or more properly Cholamandal, derives its
name. It contains a government college. Brass and other metal wares,
silk and cotton cloth and sugar are among the manufactures.

COMBE, ANDREW (1797-1847), Scottish physiologist, was born in Edinburgh
on the 27th of October 1797, and was a younger brother of George Combe.
He served an apprenticeship in a surgery, and in 1817 passed at
Surgeons' Hall. He proceeded to Paris to complete his medical studies,
and whilst there he investigated phrenology on anatomical principles. He
became convinced of the truth of the new science, and, as he acquired
much skill in the dissection of the brain, he subsequently gave
additional interest to the lectures of his brother George, by his
practical demonstrations of the convolutions. He returned to Edinburgh
in 1819 with the intention of beginning practice; but being attacked by
the first symptoms of pulmonary disease, he was obliged to seek health
in the south of France and in Italy during the two following winters. He
began to practise in 1823, and by careful adherence to the laws of
health he was enabled to fulfil the duties of his profession for nine
years. During that period he assisted in editing the _Phrenological
Journal_ and contributed a number of articles to it, defended phrenology
before the Royal Medical Society of Edinburgh, published his
_Observations on Mental Derangement_ (1831), and prepared the greater
portion of his _Principles of Physiology Applied to Health and
Education_, which was issued in 1834, and immediately obtained extensive
public favour. In 1836 he was appointed physician to Leopold I., king of
the Belgians, and removed to Brussels, but he speedily found the climate
unsuitable and returned to Edinburgh, where he resumed his practice. In
1836 he published his _Physiology of Digestion_, and in 1838 he was
appointed one of the physicians extraordinary to the queen in Scotland.
Two years later he completed his _Physiological and Moral Management of
Infancy_, which he believed to be his best work and it was his last. His
latter years were mostly occupied in seeking at various health resorts
some alleviation of his disease; he spent two winters in Madeira, and
tried a vo